--- title: Core Programs description: Solana core programs — System Program with instruction reference, Vote, Stake, Config, Compute Budget, Address Lookup Table, and ZK ElGamal Proof. Includes source links for all 7 programs. url: /docs/core/programs/builtin-programs type: reference prerequisites: - /docs/core/programs related: - /docs/core/programs/precompiles - /docs/core/programs/program-deployment - /docs/core/accounts/account-types - /docs/core/instructions --- Core programs provide fundamental network functionality: account management (System Program), consensus (Vote, Stake), transaction optimization (Compute Budget, Address Lookup Table), and privacy (ZK ElGamal Proof). Includes System Program instruction reference and source links for all 7 programs. ## The System Program The System Program (`11111111111111111111111111111111`) is the only program that can create new accounts. All new accounts are initially owned by the System Program, though ownership is typically reassigned upon creation. The System Program consumes [`DEFAULT_COMPUTE_UNITS`](https://github.com/anza-xyz/agave/blob/v3.1.8/programs/system/src/system_processor.rs#L282) (150 CUs) per instruction. ### System Program instruction reference | Instruction | Description | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | [`CreateAccount`](https://github.com/anza-xyz/agave/blob/v3.1.8/programs/system/src/system_processor.rs#L295) | Creates a new account. Allocates `space` bytes, assigns `owner`, and transfers `lamports` from the payer. The new account and the payer must sign. | | [`CreateAccountWithSeed`](https://github.com/anza-xyz/agave/blob/v3.1.8/programs/system/src/system_processor.rs#L318) | Same as `CreateAccount`, but derives the new account's address from an account's pubkey, a seed string, and the owner program. The account whose pubkey was used to derive the address and the payer must sign. | | [`Assign`](https://github.com/anza-xyz/agave/blob/v3.1.8/programs/system/src/system_processor.rs#L343) | Sets the account's owner. Account must sign. No-op if already that owner. | | [`AssignWithSeed`](https://github.com/anza-xyz/agave/blob/v3.1.8/programs/system/src/system_processor.rs#L484) | Same as `Assign`, but for a seed-derived address. The account whose pubkey was used to derive the address must sign. | | [`Transfer`](https://github.com/anza-xyz/agave/blob/v3.1.8/programs/system/src/system_processor.rs#L353) | Transfers lamports between accounts. The sender must sign. | | [`TransferWithSeed`](https://github.com/anza-xyz/agave/blob/v3.1.8/programs/system/src/system_processor.rs#L357) | Same as `Transfer`, but from a seed-derived address. The account whose pubkey was used to derive the address must sign. | | [`Allocate`](https://github.com/anza-xyz/agave/blob/v3.1.8/programs/system/src/system_processor.rs#L452) | Sets the account's data length. Account must sign, have empty data, and be owned by System Program. Maximum 10 MiB. | | [`AllocateWithSeed`](https://github.com/anza-xyz/agave/blob/v3.1.8/programs/system/src/system_processor.rs#L462) | Same as `Allocate`, but for a seed-derived address. Also assigns the owner. The account whose pubkey was used to derive the address must sign. | | [`AdvanceNonceAccount`](https://github.com/anza-xyz/agave/blob/v3.1.8/programs/system/src/system_processor.rs#L374) | Advances the nonce value to the current blockhash. Nonce authority must sign. | | [`InitializeNonceAccount`](https://github.com/anza-xyz/agave/blob/v3.1.8/programs/system/src/system_processor.rs#L412) | Initializes an account as a nonce account with the given authority. Account must be rent-exempt. | | [`AuthorizeNonceAccount`](https://github.com/anza-xyz/agave/blob/v3.1.8/programs/system/src/system_processor.rs#L432) | Changes the nonce authority. Current authority must sign. | | [`WithdrawNonceAccount`](https://github.com/anza-xyz/agave/blob/v3.1.8/programs/system/src/system_processor.rs#L392) | Withdraws lamports from a nonce account. Authority must sign. If not closing, remaining balance must cover rent. | | [`UpgradeNonceAccount`](https://github.com/anza-xyz/agave/blob/v3.1.8/programs/system/src/system_processor.rs#L437) | Upgrades a nonce account from legacy to current version format. Account must be writable and contain a legacy nonce version. | ## All core programs | Program | Program ID | Description | Source | | ------------------------ | --------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | **System** | `11111111111111111111111111111111` | Creates accounts, transfers SOL, allocates data, and assigns ownership | [Source](https://github.com/anza-xyz/agave/tree/v3.1.8/programs/system) | | **Vote** | `Vote111111111111111111111111111111111111111` | Creates and manages accounts that track validator voting state and rewards | [Source](https://github.com/anza-xyz/agave/tree/v3.1.8/programs/vote) | | **Stake** | `Stake11111111111111111111111111111111111111` | Creates and manages stake delegations to validators | [Source](https://github.com/solana-program/stake/tree/main) | | **Config** | `Config1111111111111111111111111111111111111` | Stores configuration data onchain with key-based access control | [Source](https://github.com/solana-program/config/tree/main) | | **Compute Budget** | `ComputeBudget111111111111111111111111111111` | Sets compute unit limits and priority fees for transactions | [Source](https://github.com/anza-xyz/agave/tree/v3.1.8/programs/compute-budget) | | **Address Lookup Table** | `AddressLookupTab1e1111111111111111111111111` | Manages address lookup tables for transactions that reference many accounts | [Source](https://github.com/solana-program/address-lookup-table) | | **ZK ElGamal Proof** | `ZkE1Gama1Proof11111111111111111111111111111` | Verifies zero-knowledge proofs for ElGamal-encrypted data | [Source](https://github.com/anza-xyz/agave/tree/v3.1.8/programs/zk-elgamal-proof) | ## Loader programs Every program is owned by a loader program. Loaders handle deployment, upgrade, and execution of the programs they own. See [Loader Programs](/docs/core/programs/program-deployment#loader-programs) for the full list of loaders and their addresses.