Een token account aanmaken

Wat is een token account?

Een token account bewaart je saldo van een specifieke token. Elk token account is gekoppeld aan precies één mint en houdt je tokensaldo en aanvullende details bij.

Token Account Type

/// Account data.
#[repr(C)]
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]
pub struct Account {
    /// The mint associated with this account
    pub mint: Pubkey,
    /// The owner of this account.
    pub owner: Pubkey,
    /// The amount of tokens this account holds.
    pub amount: u64,
    /// If `delegate` is `Some` then `delegated_amount` represents
    /// the amount authorized by the delegate
    pub delegate: COption<Pubkey>,
    /// The account's state
    pub state: AccountState,
    /// If `is_native.is_some`, this is a native token, and the value logs the
    /// rent-exempt reserve. An Account is required to be rent-exempt, so
    /// the value is used by the Processor to ensure that wrapped SOL
    /// accounts do not drop below this threshold.
    pub is_native: COption<u64>,
    /// The amount delegated
    pub delegated_amount: u64,
    /// Optional authority to close the account.
    pub close_authority: COption<Pubkey>,
}

Merk op dat in de broncode ontwikkelaars een Token account een Account type noemen. Zowel het Token Program als het Token Extensions Program delen dezelfde basisimplementatie voor het Token account.

Om tokens te bewaren, heb je een token account nodig voor die specifieke mint. Elk token account houdt bij:

Mint: Het specifieke tokentype dat het bevat
Eigenaar: De autoriteit die tokens van dit account kan overmaken

Voorbeeld: USD Coin (USDC)

Mint-adres: EPjFWdd5AufqSSqeM2qN1xzybapC8G4wEGGkZwyTDt1v
Circle's token account: 3emsAVdmGKERbHjmGfQ6oZ1e35dkf5iYcS6U4CPKFVaa
Dit account bevat alleen USDC tokens
Circle beheert tokens via de token account eigenaar autoriteit: 7VHUFJHWu2CuExkJcJrzhQPJ2oygupTWkL2A2For4BmE

Je kunt de details van dit token account bekijken op Solana Explorer.

De terminologie van "Eigenaar" begrijpen

De term "eigenaar" kan in twee verschillende contexten worden gebruikt:

Token Account Eigenaar: De autoriteit die tokens kan overmaken, verbranden of delegeren. Dit wordt opgeslagen in de gegevens van het token account.
Programma Eigenaar: Het programma dat eigenaar is van het account (altijd het Token Program of Token Extensions Program voor token accounts).

Bij het werken met token accounts verwijst "eigenaar" meestal naar de autoriteit die tokens kan overmaken, niet naar het programma dat eigenaar is van het account.

Wat is een associated token account?

Een associated token account (ATA) is het standaard token account voor een wallet om een specifieke token te bewaren. Het gebruikt een deterministisch adres (PDA) gemaakt door het Associated Token Program.

Alleen token accounts die zijn aangemaakt door het Associated Token Program worden "associated token accounts" genoemd.

ATA's gebruiken deterministische adressen, waardoor het gemakkelijk is om het token account van een wallet voor een bepaalde mint te vinden. Bekijk de implementatie van de afleiding hier.

Associated Token Account Address Derivation

pub fn get_associated_token_address_and_bump_seed_internal(
    wallet_address: &Pubkey,
    token_mint_address: &Pubkey,
    program_id: &Pubkey,
    token_program_id: &Pubkey,
) -> (Pubkey, u8) {
    Pubkey::find_program_address(
        &[
            &wallet_address.to_bytes(), // Owner's public key
            &token_program_id.to_bytes(), // Token Program or Token Extension Program
            &token_mint_address.to_bytes(), // Token mint address
        ],
        program_id, // Associated Token Program ID
    )
}

Voor elke combinatie van wallet en token is er precies één ATA-adres. Dit maakt het handmatig bijhouden van token account adressen overbodig—je kunt altijd het juiste adres afleiden.

Hoe het Associated Token Program werkt

Het Associated Token Program is een hulpprogramma dat:

Token accounts aanmaakt op deterministische adressen (PDA's)
Cross-Program Invocations (CPI's) uitvoert naar het Token Program
Zelf geen status bijhoudt

De resulterende token accounts zijn eigendom van het Token Program en gebruiken de standaard Account structuur.

Hoe maak je een token account aan

Voor het aanmaken van een token account is de InitializeAccount instructie nodig. Bekijk de implementatie hier.

Je hebt twee instructies nodig om een token account aan te maken:

System Program: Maak een account aan met gereserveerde ruimte voor een token account en draag het eigendom over aan het Token Program
Token Program: Initialiseer de token account gegevens

Typescript

import {
  airdropFactory,
  appendTransactionMessageInstructions,
  createSolanaRpc,
  createSolanaRpcSubscriptions,
  createTransactionMessage,
  generateKeyPairSigner,
  getSignatureFromTransaction,
  lamports,
  pipe,
  sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory,
  setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner,
  setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash,
  signTransactionMessageWithSigners
} from "@solana/kit";
import { getCreateAccountInstruction } from "@solana-program/system";
import {
  getInitializeAccount2Instruction,
  getInitializeMintInstruction,
  getMintSize,
  getTokenSize,
  TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS
} from "@solana-program/token";

// Create Connection, local validator in this example
const rpc = createSolanaRpc("http://localhost:8899");
const rpcSubscriptions = createSolanaRpcSubscriptions("ws://localhost:8900");

// Get latest blockhash to include in transaction
const { value: latestBlockhash } = await rpc.getLatestBlockhash().send();

// Generate keypairs for fee payer
const feePayer = await generateKeyPairSigner();

// Fund fee payer
await airdropFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })({
  recipientAddress: feePayer.address,
  lamports: lamports(1_000_000_000n),
  commitment: "confirmed"
});

// Generate keypair to use as address of mint
const mint = await generateKeyPairSigner();

// Get default mint account size (in bytes), no extensions enabled
const space = BigInt(getMintSize());

// Get minimum balance for rent exemption
const rent = await rpc.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(space).send();

// Instruction to create new account for mint (token program)
// Invokes the system program
const createAccountInstruction = getCreateAccountInstruction({
  payer: feePayer,
  newAccount: mint,
  lamports: rent,
  space,
  programAddress: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS
});

// Instruction to initialize mint account data
// Invokes the token program
const initializeMintInstruction = getInitializeMintInstruction({
  mint: mint.address,
  decimals: 2,
  mintAuthority: feePayer.address
});

const instructions = [createAccountInstruction, initializeMintInstruction];

// Create transaction message
const transactionMessage = pipe(
  createTransactionMessage({ version: 0 }), // Create transaction message
  (tx) => setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner(feePayer, tx), // Set fee payer
  (tx) => setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash(latestBlockhash, tx), // Set transaction blockhash
  (tx) => appendTransactionMessageInstructions(instructions, tx) // Append instructions
);

// Sign transaction message with required signers (fee payer and mint keypair)
const signedTransaction =
  await signTransactionMessageWithSigners(transactionMessage);

// Send and confirm transaction
await sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })(
  signedTransaction,
  { commitment: "confirmed" }
);

// Get transaction signature
const transactionSignature = getSignatureFromTransaction(signedTransaction);

console.log("Mint Address:", mint.address);
console.log("Transaction Signature:", transactionSignature);

// Generate keypair to use as address of token account
const tokenAccount = await generateKeyPairSigner();

// Get token account size (in bytes)
const tokenAccountSpace = BigInt(getTokenSize());

// Get minimum balance for rent exemption
const tokenAccountRent = await rpc
  .getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(tokenAccountSpace)
  .send();

// Instruction to create new account for token account (token program)
// Invokes the system program
const createTokenAccountInstruction = getCreateAccountInstruction({
  payer: feePayer,
  newAccount: tokenAccount,
  lamports: tokenAccountRent,
  space: tokenAccountSpace,
  programAddress: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS
});

// Instruction to initialize token account data
// Invokes the token program
const initializeTokenAccountInstruction = getInitializeAccount2Instruction({
  account: tokenAccount.address,
  mint: mint.address,
  owner: feePayer.address
});

const instructions2 = [
  createTokenAccountInstruction,
  initializeTokenAccountInstruction
];

// Create transaction message for token account creation
const tokenAccountMessage = pipe(
  createTransactionMessage({ version: 0 }), // Create transaction message
  (tx) => setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner(feePayer, tx), // Set fee payer
  (tx) => setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash(latestBlockhash, tx), // Set transaction blockhash
  (tx) => appendTransactionMessageInstructions(instructions2, tx) // Append instructions
);

// Sign transaction message with required signers (fee payer and token account keypair)
const signedTokenAccountTx =
  await signTransactionMessageWithSigners(tokenAccountMessage);

// Send and confirm transaction
await sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })(
  signedTokenAccountTx,
  { commitment: "confirmed" }
);

// Get transaction signature
const transactionSignature2 = getSignatureFromTransaction(signedTokenAccountTx);

console.log("Token Account Address:", tokenAccount.address);
console.log("Transaction Signature:", transactionSignature2);

Console

Click to execute the code.

import {
  airdropFactory,
  appendTransactionMessageInstructions,
  createSolanaRpc,
  createSolanaRpcSubscriptions,
  createTransactionMessage,
  generateKeyPairSigner,
  getSignatureFromTransaction,
  lamports,
  pipe,
  sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory,
  setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner,
  setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash,
  signTransactionMessageWithSigners
} from "@solana/kit";
import { getCreateAccountInstruction } from "@solana-program/system";
import {
  getInitializeAccount2Instruction,
  getInitializeMintInstruction,
  getMintSize,
  getTokenSize,
  TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS
} from "@solana-program/token";

// Create Connection, local validator in this example
const rpc = createSolanaRpc("http://localhost:8899");
const rpcSubscriptions = createSolanaRpcSubscriptions("ws://localhost:8900");

// Get latest blockhash to include in transaction
const { value: latestBlockhash } = await rpc.getLatestBlockhash().send();

// Generate keypairs for fee payer
const feePayer = await generateKeyPairSigner();

// Fund fee payer
await airdropFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })({
  recipientAddress: feePayer.address,
  lamports: lamports(1_000_000_000n),
  commitment: "confirmed"
});

// Generate keypair to use as address of mint
const mint = await generateKeyPairSigner();

// Get default mint account size (in bytes), no extensions enabled
const space = BigInt(getMintSize());

// Get minimum balance for rent exemption
const rent = await rpc.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(space).send();

// Instruction to create new account for mint (token program)
// Invokes the system program
const createAccountInstruction = getCreateAccountInstruction({
  payer: feePayer,
  newAccount: mint,
  lamports: rent,
  space,
  programAddress: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS
});

// Instruction to initialize mint account data
// Invokes the token program
const initializeMintInstruction = getInitializeMintInstruction({
  mint: mint.address,
  decimals: 2,
  mintAuthority: feePayer.address
});

const instructions = [createAccountInstruction, initializeMintInstruction];

// Create transaction message
const transactionMessage = pipe(
  createTransactionMessage({ version: 0 }), // Create transaction message
  (tx) => setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner(feePayer, tx), // Set fee payer
  (tx) => setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash(latestBlockhash, tx), // Set transaction blockhash
  (tx) => appendTransactionMessageInstructions(instructions, tx) // Append instructions
);

// Sign transaction message with required signers (fee payer and mint keypair)
const signedTransaction =
  await signTransactionMessageWithSigners(transactionMessage);

// Send and confirm transaction
await sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })(
  signedTransaction,
  { commitment: "confirmed" }
);

// Get transaction signature
const transactionSignature = getSignatureFromTransaction(signedTransaction);

console.log("Mint Address:", mint.address);
console.log("Transaction Signature:", transactionSignature);

// Generate keypair to use as address of token account
const tokenAccount = await generateKeyPairSigner();

// Get token account size (in bytes)
const tokenAccountSpace = BigInt(getTokenSize());

// Get minimum balance for rent exemption
const tokenAccountRent = await rpc
  .getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(tokenAccountSpace)
  .send();

// Instruction to create new account for token account (token program)
// Invokes the system program
const createTokenAccountInstruction = getCreateAccountInstruction({
  payer: feePayer,
  newAccount: tokenAccount,
  lamports: tokenAccountRent,
  space: tokenAccountSpace,
  programAddress: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS
});

// Instruction to initialize token account data
// Invokes the token program
const initializeTokenAccountInstruction = getInitializeAccount2Instruction({
  account: tokenAccount.address,
  mint: mint.address,
  owner: feePayer.address
});

const instructions2 = [
  createTokenAccountInstruction,
  initializeTokenAccountInstruction
];

// Create transaction message for token account creation
const tokenAccountMessage = pipe(
  createTransactionMessage({ version: 0 }), // Create transaction message
  (tx) => setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner(feePayer, tx), // Set fee payer
  (tx) => setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash(latestBlockhash, tx), // Set transaction blockhash
  (tx) => appendTransactionMessageInstructions(instructions2, tx) // Append instructions
);

// Sign transaction message with required signers (fee payer and token account keypair)
const signedTokenAccountTx =
  await signTransactionMessageWithSigners(tokenAccountMessage);

// Send and confirm transaction
await sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })(
  signedTokenAccountTx,
  { commitment: "confirmed" }
);

// Get transaction signature
const transactionSignature2 = getSignatureFromTransaction(signedTokenAccountTx);

console.log("Token Account Address:", tokenAccount.address);
console.log("Transaction Signature:", transactionSignature2);

Console

Click to execute the code.

Rust

use anyhow::Result;
use solana_client::nonblocking::rpc_client::RpcClient;
use solana_commitment_config::CommitmentConfig;
use solana_sdk::{
    program_pack::Pack,
    signature::{Keypair, Signer},
    transaction::Transaction,
};
use solana_system_interface::instruction::create_account;
use spl_token_interface::{
    id as token_program_id,
    instruction::{initialize_account, initialize_mint},
    state::{Account, Mint},
};

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<()> {
    // Create connection to local validator
    let client = RpcClient::new_with_commitment(
        String::from("http://localhost:8899"),
        CommitmentConfig::confirmed(),
    );
    let latest_blockhash = client.get_latest_blockhash().await?;

    // Generate a new keypair for the fee payer
    let fee_payer = Keypair::new();

    // Airdrop 1 SOL to fee payer
    let airdrop_signature = client
        .request_airdrop(&fee_payer.pubkey(), 1_000_000_000)
        .await?;
    client.confirm_transaction(&airdrop_signature).await?;

    loop {
        let confirmed = client.confirm_transaction(&airdrop_signature).await?;
        if confirmed {
            break;
        }
    }

    // Generate keypair to use as address of mint
    let mint = Keypair::new();

    // Get default mint account size (in bytes), no extensions enabled
    let mint_space = Mint::LEN;
    let mint_rent = client
        .get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(mint_space)
        .await?;

    // Instruction to create new account for mint (token program)
    let create_account_instruction = create_account(
        &fee_payer.pubkey(), // payer
        &mint.pubkey(),      // new account (mint)
        mint_rent,           // lamports
        mint_space as u64,   // space
        &token_program_id(), // program id
    );

    // Instruction to initialize mint account data
    let initialize_mint_instruction = initialize_mint(
        &token_program_id(),
        &mint.pubkey(),            // mint
        &fee_payer.pubkey(),       // mint authority
        Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()), // freeze authority
        2,                         // decimals
    )?;

    // Create transaction and add instructions
    let transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(
        &[create_account_instruction, initialize_mint_instruction],
        Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),
        &[&fee_payer, &mint],
        latest_blockhash,
    );

    // Send and confirm transaction
    let transaction_signature = client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction).await?;

    let mint_account = client.get_account(&mint.pubkey()).await?;
    let mint_data = Mint::unpack(&mint_account.data)?;

    println!("Mint Address: {}", &mint.pubkey());
    println!("{:#?}", mint_data);
    println!("Transaction Signature: {}", transaction_signature);

    // Generate keypair to use as address of token account
    let token_account = Keypair::new();

    // Get token account size (in bytes)
    let token_account_space = Account::LEN;
    let token_account_rent = client
        .get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(token_account_space)
        .await?;

    // Instruction to create new account for token account (token program)
    let create_token_account_instruction = create_account(
        &fee_payer.pubkey(),        // payer
        &token_account.pubkey(),    // new account (token account)
        token_account_rent,         // lamports
        token_account_space as u64, // space
        &token_program_id(),        // program id
    );

    // Instruction to initialize token account data
    let initialize_token_account_instruction = initialize_account(
        &token_program_id(),
        &token_account.pubkey(), // account
        &mint.pubkey(),          // mint
        &fee_payer.pubkey(),     // owner
    )?;

    // Create transaction and add instructions
    let transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(
        &[
            create_token_account_instruction,
            initialize_token_account_instruction,
        ],
        Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),
        &[&fee_payer, &token_account],
        latest_blockhash,
    );

    // Send and confirm transaction
    let transaction_signature = client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction).await?;

    let token = client.get_account(&token_account.pubkey()).await?;
    let token_data = Account::unpack(&token.data)?;

    println!("\nToken Account Address: {}", &token_account.pubkey());
    println!("{:#?}", token_data);
    println!("Transaction Signature: {}", transaction_signature);

    Ok(())
}

Console

Click to execute the code.

Rust

use anyhow::Result;
use solana_client::nonblocking::rpc_client::RpcClient;
use solana_commitment_config::CommitmentConfig;
use solana_sdk::{
    program_pack::Pack,
    signature::{Keypair, Signer},
    transaction::Transaction,
};
use solana_system_interface::instruction::create_account;
use spl_token_interface::{
    id as token_program_id,
    instruction::{initialize_account, initialize_mint},
    state::{Account, Mint},
};

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<()> {
    // Create connection to local validator
    let client = RpcClient::new_with_commitment(
        String::from("http://localhost:8899"),
        CommitmentConfig::confirmed(),
    );
    let latest_blockhash = client.get_latest_blockhash().await?;

    // Generate a new keypair for the fee payer
    let fee_payer = Keypair::new();

    // Airdrop 1 SOL to fee payer
    let airdrop_signature = client
        .request_airdrop(&fee_payer.pubkey(), 1_000_000_000)
        .await?;
    client.confirm_transaction(&airdrop_signature).await?;

    loop {
        let confirmed = client.confirm_transaction(&airdrop_signature).await?;
        if confirmed {
            break;
        }
    }

    // Generate keypair to use as address of mint
    let mint = Keypair::new();

    // Get default mint account size (in bytes), no extensions enabled
    let mint_space = Mint::LEN;
    let mint_rent = client
        .get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(mint_space)
        .await?;

    // Instruction to create new account for mint (token program)
    let create_account_instruction = create_account(
        &fee_payer.pubkey(), // payer
        &mint.pubkey(),      // new account (mint)
        mint_rent,           // lamports
        mint_space as u64,   // space
        &token_program_id(), // program id
    );

    // Instruction to initialize mint account data
    let initialize_mint_instruction = initialize_mint(
        &token_program_id(),
        &mint.pubkey(),            // mint
        &fee_payer.pubkey(),       // mint authority
        Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()), // freeze authority
        2,                         // decimals
    )?;

    // Create transaction and add instructions
    let transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(
        &[create_account_instruction, initialize_mint_instruction],
        Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),
        &[&fee_payer, &mint],
        latest_blockhash,
    );

    // Send and confirm transaction
    let transaction_signature = client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction).await?;

    let mint_account = client.get_account(&mint.pubkey()).await?;
    let mint_data = Mint::unpack(&mint_account.data)?;

    println!("Mint Address: {}", &mint.pubkey());
    println!("{:#?}", mint_data);
    println!("Transaction Signature: {}", transaction_signature);

    // Generate keypair to use as address of token account
    let token_account = Keypair::new();

    // Get token account size (in bytes)
    let token_account_space = Account::LEN;
    let token_account_rent = client
        .get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(token_account_space)
        .await?;

    // Instruction to create new account for token account (token program)
    let create_token_account_instruction = create_account(
        &fee_payer.pubkey(),        // payer
        &token_account.pubkey(),    // new account (token account)
        token_account_rent,         // lamports
        token_account_space as u64, // space
        &token_program_id(),        // program id
    );

    // Instruction to initialize token account data
    let initialize_token_account_instruction = initialize_account(
        &token_program_id(),
        &token_account.pubkey(), // account
        &mint.pubkey(),          // mint
        &fee_payer.pubkey(),     // owner
    )?;

    // Create transaction and add instructions
    let transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(
        &[
            create_token_account_instruction,
            initialize_token_account_instruction,
        ],
        Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),
        &[&fee_payer, &token_account],
        latest_blockhash,
    );

    // Send and confirm transaction
    let transaction_signature = client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction).await?;

    let token = client.get_account(&token_account.pubkey()).await?;
    let token_data = Account::unpack(&token.data)?;

    println!("\nToken Account Address: {}", &token_account.pubkey());
    println!("{:#?}", token_data);
    println!("Transaction Signature: {}", transaction_signature);

    Ok(())
}

Console

Click to execute the code.

Hoe maak je een associated token account aan

Voor het aanmaken van een Associated Token Account (ATA) is de Create instructie nodig. Bekijk de implementatie hier.

Deze enkele instructie zorgt automatisch voor het aanmaken van het token account en het initialiseren ervan via Cross Program Invocations (CPI).

Typescript

import {
  airdropFactory,
  appendTransactionMessageInstructions,
  createSolanaRpc,
  createSolanaRpcSubscriptions,
  createTransactionMessage,
  generateKeyPairSigner,
  getSignatureFromTransaction,
  lamports,
  pipe,
  sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory,
  setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner,
  setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash,
  signTransactionMessageWithSigners
} from "@solana/kit";
import { getCreateAccountInstruction } from "@solana-program/system";
import {
  getCreateAssociatedTokenInstructionAsync,
  getInitializeMintInstruction,
  getMintSize,
  TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS,
  findAssociatedTokenPda
} from "@solana-program/token";

// Create Connection, local validator in this example
const rpc = createSolanaRpc("http://localhost:8899");
const rpcSubscriptions = createSolanaRpcSubscriptions("ws://localhost:8900");

// Generate keypairs for fee payer
const feePayer = await generateKeyPairSigner();

// Fund fee payer
await airdropFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })({
  recipientAddress: feePayer.address,
  lamports: lamports(1_000_000_000n),
  commitment: "confirmed"
});

// Generate keypair to use as address of mint
const mint = await generateKeyPairSigner();

// Get default mint account size (in bytes), no extensions enabled
const space = BigInt(getMintSize());

// Get minimum balance for rent exemption
const rent = await rpc.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(space).send();

// Get latest blockhash to include in transaction
const { value: latestBlockhash } = await rpc.getLatestBlockhash().send();

// Instruction to create new account for mint (token program)
// Invokes the system program
const createAccountInstruction = getCreateAccountInstruction({
  payer: feePayer,
  newAccount: mint,
  lamports: rent,
  space,
  programAddress: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS
});

// Instruction to initialize mint account data
// Invokes the token program
const initializeMintInstruction = getInitializeMintInstruction({
  mint: mint.address,
  decimals: 2,
  mintAuthority: feePayer.address
});

const instructions = [createAccountInstruction, initializeMintInstruction];

// Create transaction message
const transactionMessage = pipe(
  createTransactionMessage({ version: 0 }),
  (tx) => setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner(feePayer, tx),
  (tx) => setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash(latestBlockhash, tx),
  (tx) => appendTransactionMessageInstructions(instructions, tx)
);

// Sign transaction message with all required signers
const signedTransaction =
  await signTransactionMessageWithSigners(transactionMessage);

// Send and confirm transaction
await sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })(
  signedTransaction,
  { commitment: "confirmed" }
);

// Get transaction signature
const transactionSignature = getSignatureFromTransaction(signedTransaction);

console.log("Mint Address:", mint.address.toString());
console.log("Transaction Signature:", transactionSignature);

// Use findAssociatedTokenPda to derive the ATA address
const [associatedTokenAddress] = await findAssociatedTokenPda({
  mint: mint.address,
  owner: feePayer.address,
  tokenProgram: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS
});

console.log(
  "Associated Token Account Address:",
  associatedTokenAddress.toString()
);

// Get a fresh blockhash for the second transaction
const { value: latestBlockhash2 } = await rpc.getLatestBlockhash().send();

// Create instruction to create the associated token account
const createAtaInstruction = await getCreateAssociatedTokenInstructionAsync({
  payer: feePayer,
  mint: mint.address,
  owner: feePayer.address
});

// Create transaction message
const transactionMessage2 = pipe(
  createTransactionMessage({ version: 0 }),
  (tx) => setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner(feePayer, tx),
  (tx) => setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash(latestBlockhash2, tx),
  (tx) => appendTransactionMessageInstructions([createAtaInstruction], tx)
);

// Sign transaction message with all required signers
const signedTransaction2 =
  await signTransactionMessageWithSigners(transactionMessage2);

// Send and confirm transaction
await sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })(
  signedTransaction2,
  { commitment: "confirmed" }
);

// Get transaction signature
const transactionSignature2 = getSignatureFromTransaction(signedTransaction2);
console.log("Transaction Signature:", transactionSignature2);

Console

Click to execute the code.

import {
  airdropFactory,
  appendTransactionMessageInstructions,
  createSolanaRpc,
  createSolanaRpcSubscriptions,
  createTransactionMessage,
  generateKeyPairSigner,
  getSignatureFromTransaction,
  lamports,
  pipe,
  sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory,
  setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner,
  setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash,
  signTransactionMessageWithSigners
} from "@solana/kit";
import { getCreateAccountInstruction } from "@solana-program/system";
import {
  getCreateAssociatedTokenInstructionAsync,
  getInitializeMintInstruction,
  getMintSize,
  TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS,
  findAssociatedTokenPda
} from "@solana-program/token";

// Create Connection, local validator in this example
const rpc = createSolanaRpc("http://localhost:8899");
const rpcSubscriptions = createSolanaRpcSubscriptions("ws://localhost:8900");

// Generate keypairs for fee payer
const feePayer = await generateKeyPairSigner();

// Fund fee payer
await airdropFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })({
  recipientAddress: feePayer.address,
  lamports: lamports(1_000_000_000n),
  commitment: "confirmed"
});

// Generate keypair to use as address of mint
const mint = await generateKeyPairSigner();

// Get default mint account size (in bytes), no extensions enabled
const space = BigInt(getMintSize());

// Get minimum balance for rent exemption
const rent = await rpc.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(space).send();

// Get latest blockhash to include in transaction
const { value: latestBlockhash } = await rpc.getLatestBlockhash().send();

// Instruction to create new account for mint (token program)
// Invokes the system program
const createAccountInstruction = getCreateAccountInstruction({
  payer: feePayer,
  newAccount: mint,
  lamports: rent,
  space,
  programAddress: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS
});

// Instruction to initialize mint account data
// Invokes the token program
const initializeMintInstruction = getInitializeMintInstruction({
  mint: mint.address,
  decimals: 2,
  mintAuthority: feePayer.address
});

const instructions = [createAccountInstruction, initializeMintInstruction];

// Create transaction message
const transactionMessage = pipe(
  createTransactionMessage({ version: 0 }),
  (tx) => setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner(feePayer, tx),
  (tx) => setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash(latestBlockhash, tx),
  (tx) => appendTransactionMessageInstructions(instructions, tx)
);

// Sign transaction message with all required signers
const signedTransaction =
  await signTransactionMessageWithSigners(transactionMessage);

// Send and confirm transaction
await sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })(
  signedTransaction,
  { commitment: "confirmed" }
);

// Get transaction signature
const transactionSignature = getSignatureFromTransaction(signedTransaction);

console.log("Mint Address:", mint.address.toString());
console.log("Transaction Signature:", transactionSignature);

// Use findAssociatedTokenPda to derive the ATA address
const [associatedTokenAddress] = await findAssociatedTokenPda({
  mint: mint.address,
  owner: feePayer.address,
  tokenProgram: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS
});

console.log(
  "Associated Token Account Address:",
  associatedTokenAddress.toString()
);

// Get a fresh blockhash for the second transaction
const { value: latestBlockhash2 } = await rpc.getLatestBlockhash().send();

// Create instruction to create the associated token account
const createAtaInstruction = await getCreateAssociatedTokenInstructionAsync({
  payer: feePayer,
  mint: mint.address,
  owner: feePayer.address
});

// Create transaction message
const transactionMessage2 = pipe(
  createTransactionMessage({ version: 0 }),
  (tx) => setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner(feePayer, tx),
  (tx) => setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash(latestBlockhash2, tx),
  (tx) => appendTransactionMessageInstructions([createAtaInstruction], tx)
);

// Sign transaction message with all required signers
const signedTransaction2 =
  await signTransactionMessageWithSigners(transactionMessage2);

// Send and confirm transaction
await sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })(
  signedTransaction2,
  { commitment: "confirmed" }
);

// Get transaction signature
const transactionSignature2 = getSignatureFromTransaction(signedTransaction2);
console.log("Transaction Signature:", transactionSignature2);

Console

Click to execute the code.

Rust

use anyhow::Result;
use solana_client::nonblocking::rpc_client::RpcClient;
use solana_commitment_config::CommitmentConfig;
use solana_sdk::{
    program_pack::Pack,
    signature::{Keypair, Signer},
    transaction::Transaction,
};
use solana_system_interface::instruction::create_account;
use spl_associated_token_account_interface::{
    address::get_associated_token_address, instruction::create_associated_token_account,
};
use spl_token_interface::{
    id as token_program_id,
    instruction::initialize_mint,
    state::{Account, Mint},
};

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<()> {
    // Create connection to local validator
    let client = RpcClient::new_with_commitment(
        String::from("http://localhost:8899"),
        CommitmentConfig::confirmed(),
    );
    let latest_blockhash = client.get_latest_blockhash().await?;

    // Generate a new keypair for the fee payer
    let fee_payer = Keypair::new();

    // Airdrop 1 SOL to fee payer
    let airdrop_signature = client
        .request_airdrop(&fee_payer.pubkey(), 1_000_000_000)
        .await?;
    client.confirm_transaction(&airdrop_signature).await?;

    loop {
        let confirmed = client.confirm_transaction(&airdrop_signature).await?;
        if confirmed {
            break;
        }
    }

    // Generate keypair to use as address of mint
    let mint = Keypair::new();

    // Get default mint account size (in bytes), no extensions enabled
    let mint_space = Mint::LEN;
    let mint_rent = client
        .get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(mint_space)
        .await?;

    // Instruction to create new account for mint (token program)
    let create_account_instruction = create_account(
        &fee_payer.pubkey(), // payer
        &mint.pubkey(),      // new account (mint)
        mint_rent,           // lamports
        mint_space as u64,   // space
        &token_program_id(), // program id
    );

    // Instruction to initialize mint account data
    let initialize_mint_instruction = initialize_mint(
        &token_program_id(),
        &mint.pubkey(),            // mint
        &fee_payer.pubkey(),       // mint authority
        Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()), // freeze authority
        2,                         // decimals
    )?;

    // Create transaction and add instructions
    let transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(
        &[create_account_instruction, initialize_mint_instruction],
        Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),
        &[&fee_payer, &mint],
        latest_blockhash,
    );

    // Send and confirm transaction
    let transaction_signature = client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction).await?;

    let mint_account = client.get_account(&mint.pubkey()).await?;
    let mint_data = Mint::unpack(&mint_account.data)?;

    println!("Mint Address: {}", mint.pubkey());
    println!("{:#?}", mint_data);
    println!("Transaction Signature: {}", transaction_signature);

    // Derive the associated token account address for fee_payer
    let associated_token_account = get_associated_token_address(
        &fee_payer.pubkey(), // owner
        &mint.pubkey(),      // mint
    );

    // Instruction to create associated token account
    let create_ata_instruction = create_associated_token_account(
        &fee_payer.pubkey(), // funding address
        &fee_payer.pubkey(), // wallet address (owner)
        &mint.pubkey(),      // mint address
        &token_program_id(), // program id
    );

    // Create transaction for associated token account creation
    let transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(
        &[create_ata_instruction],
        Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),
        &[&fee_payer],
        latest_blockhash,
    );

    // Send and confirm transaction
    let transaction_signature = client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction).await?;

    let token = client.get_account(&associated_token_account).await?;
    let token_data = Account::unpack(&token.data)?;

    println!(
        "\nAssociated Token Account Address: {}",
        associated_token_account
    );
    println!("{:#?}", token_data);
    println!("Transaction Signature: {}", transaction_signature);

    Ok(())
}

Console

Click to execute the code.

Rust

use anyhow::Result;
use solana_client::nonblocking::rpc_client::RpcClient;
use solana_commitment_config::CommitmentConfig;
use solana_sdk::{
    program_pack::Pack,
    signature::{Keypair, Signer},
    transaction::Transaction,
};
use solana_system_interface::instruction::create_account;
use spl_associated_token_account_interface::{
    address::get_associated_token_address, instruction::create_associated_token_account,
};
use spl_token_interface::{
    id as token_program_id,
    instruction::initialize_mint,
    state::{Account, Mint},
};

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<()> {
    // Create connection to local validator
    let client = RpcClient::new_with_commitment(
        String::from("http://localhost:8899"),
        CommitmentConfig::confirmed(),
    );
    let latest_blockhash = client.get_latest_blockhash().await?;

    // Generate a new keypair for the fee payer
    let fee_payer = Keypair::new();

    // Airdrop 1 SOL to fee payer
    let airdrop_signature = client
        .request_airdrop(&fee_payer.pubkey(), 1_000_000_000)
        .await?;
    client.confirm_transaction(&airdrop_signature).await?;

    loop {
        let confirmed = client.confirm_transaction(&airdrop_signature).await?;
        if confirmed {
            break;
        }
    }

    // Generate keypair to use as address of mint
    let mint = Keypair::new();

    // Get default mint account size (in bytes), no extensions enabled
    let mint_space = Mint::LEN;
    let mint_rent = client
        .get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(mint_space)
        .await?;

    // Instruction to create new account for mint (token program)
    let create_account_instruction = create_account(
        &fee_payer.pubkey(), // payer
        &mint.pubkey(),      // new account (mint)
        mint_rent,           // lamports
        mint_space as u64,   // space
        &token_program_id(), // program id
    );

    // Instruction to initialize mint account data
    let initialize_mint_instruction = initialize_mint(
        &token_program_id(),
        &mint.pubkey(),            // mint
        &fee_payer.pubkey(),       // mint authority
        Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()), // freeze authority
        2,                         // decimals
    )?;

    // Create transaction and add instructions
    let transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(
        &[create_account_instruction, initialize_mint_instruction],
        Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),
        &[&fee_payer, &mint],
        latest_blockhash,
    );

    // Send and confirm transaction
    let transaction_signature = client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction).await?;

    let mint_account = client.get_account(&mint.pubkey()).await?;
    let mint_data = Mint::unpack(&mint_account.data)?;

    println!("Mint Address: {}", mint.pubkey());
    println!("{:#?}", mint_data);
    println!("Transaction Signature: {}", transaction_signature);

    // Derive the associated token account address for fee_payer
    let associated_token_account = get_associated_token_address(
        &fee_payer.pubkey(), // owner
        &mint.pubkey(),      // mint
    );

    // Instruction to create associated token account
    let create_ata_instruction = create_associated_token_account(
        &fee_payer.pubkey(), // funding address
        &fee_payer.pubkey(), // wallet address (owner)
        &mint.pubkey(),      // mint address
        &token_program_id(), // program id
    );

    // Create transaction for associated token account creation
    let transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(
        &[create_ata_instruction],
        Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),
        &[&fee_payer],
        latest_blockhash,
    );

    // Send and confirm transaction
    let transaction_signature = client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction).await?;

    let token = client.get_account(&associated_token_account).await?;
    let token_data = Account::unpack(&token.data)?;

    println!(
        "\nAssociated Token Account Address: {}",
        associated_token_account
    );
    println!("{:#?}", token_data);
    println!("Transaction Signature: {}", transaction_signature);

    Ok(())
}

Console

Click to execute the code.

Python

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import asyncio
from solana.rpc.async_api import AsyncClient
from solders.keypair import Keypair
from solders.pubkey import Pubkey
from solders.transaction import VersionedTransaction
from solders.message import MessageV0
from spl.token.instructions import create_associated_token_account, get_associated_token_address
from spl.token.constants import TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID, ASSOCIATED_TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID

async def main():
    rpc = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")

    payer = Keypair()
    owner = Keypair()

    # Example mint address (USDC on devnet)
    mint_address = Pubkey.from_string("4zMMC9srt5Ri5X14GAgXhaHii3GnPAEERYPJgZJDncDU")

    # Get associated token account address
    associated_token_account = get_associated_token_address(owner.pubkey(), mint_address)

    async with rpc:
        # Get latest blockhash
        recent_blockhash = await rpc.get_latest_blockhash()

        # Create associated token account instruction
        create_token_account_instruction = create_associated_token_account(
            payer=payer.pubkey(),
            owner=owner.pubkey(),
            mint=mint_address,
            token_program_id=TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID
        )

        # Create message
        message = MessageV0.try_compile(
            payer=payer.pubkey(),
            instructions=[create_token_account_instruction],
            address_lookup_table_accounts=[],
            recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash.value.blockhash
        )

        # Create transaction
        transaction = VersionedTransaction(message, [payer])

        print(f"Payer: {payer.pubkey()}")
        print(f"Owner: {owner.pubkey()}")
        print(f"Associated Token Account: {associated_token_account}")
        print(f"Mint: {mint_address}")
        print(f"Associated token account created successfully")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    asyncio.run(main())

Console

Click to execute the code.

Python

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import asyncio
from solana.rpc.async_api import AsyncClient
from solders.keypair import Keypair
from solders.pubkey import Pubkey
from solders.transaction import VersionedTransaction
from solders.message import MessageV0
from spl.token.instructions import create_associated_token_account, get_associated_token_address
from spl.token.constants import TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID, ASSOCIATED_TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID

async def main():
    rpc = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")

    payer = Keypair()
    owner = Keypair()

    # Example mint address (USDC on devnet)
    mint_address = Pubkey.from_string("4zMMC9srt5Ri5X14GAgXhaHii3GnPAEERYPJgZJDncDU")

    # Get associated token account address
    associated_token_account = get_associated_token_address(owner.pubkey(), mint_address)

    async with rpc:
        # Get latest blockhash
        recent_blockhash = await rpc.get_latest_blockhash()

        # Create associated token account instruction
        create_token_account_instruction = create_associated_token_account(
            payer=payer.pubkey(),
            owner=owner.pubkey(),
            mint=mint_address,
            token_program_id=TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID
        )

        # Create message
        message = MessageV0.try_compile(
            payer=payer.pubkey(),
            instructions=[create_token_account_instruction],
            address_lookup_table_accounts=[],
            recent_blockhash=recent_blockhash.value.blockhash
        )

        # Create transaction
        transaction = VersionedTransaction(message, [payer])

        print(f"Payer: {payer.pubkey()}")
        print(f"Owner: {owner.pubkey()}")
        print(f"Associated Token Account: {associated_token_account}")
        print(f"Mint: {mint_address}")
        print(f"Associated token account created successfully")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    asyncio.run(main())

Console

Click to execute the code.

Inhoudsopgave