Transactieverzoeken

Transactieverzoeken maken interactieve betalingsstromen mogelijk door wallets in staat te stellen om te communiceren met uw server om elke Solana-transactie samen te stellen. Dit ontsluit geavanceerde gebruikssituaties zoals NFT-minting, dynamische prijsstelling, meerstaps DeFi- transacties en aangepaste bedrijfslogica.

Overzicht

Transactieverzoeken volgen dit URL-formaat:

solana:<server-endpoint-url>

De wallet voert twee HTTP-verzoeken uit naar uw endpoint:

GET-verzoek - Betalingsinformatie ophalen (label, pictogram)
POST-verzoek - De te ondertekenen transactie ophalen

Basisinstelling

1.Afhankelijkheden installeren

pnpm add @solana/pay@beta @solana/kit @solana-program/system \
  @solana/kit-plugin-rpc @solana/kit-plugin-payer @solana/kit-plugin-instruction-plan

2. API-endpoint aanmaken

Stel een API-endpoint in dat zowel GET- als POST-verzoeken verwerkt:

// pages/api/pay.ts (Next.js) or similar endpoint
import { address, createNoopSigner, lamports } from "@solana/kit";
import { getTransferSolInstruction } from "@solana-program/system";
import { createMerchantClient } from "@solana/pay";

const MERCHANT_WALLET = address(process.env.MERCHANT_WALLET);

export default async function handler(req, res) {
  if (req.method === "GET") {
    return handleGet(req, res);
  }

  if (req.method === "POST") {
    return handlePost(req, res);
  }

  return res.status(405).json({ error: "Method not allowed" });
}

// GET request handler
async function handleGet(req, res) {
  const label = "My Store";
  const icon = "https://mystore.com/icon.png";

  res.status(200).json({
    label,
    icon
  });
}

// POST request handler
async function handlePost(req, res) {
  try {
    const { account } = req.body;

    if (!account) {
      return res.status(400).json({ error: "Missing account parameter" });
    }

    const buyerAddress = address(account);

    // Create the merchant client for building the transaction
    const merchant = createMerchantClient({
      rpcUrl: process.env.SOLANA_RPC_URL
    });

    // Build transfer instruction (createNoopSigner because the wallet signs later)
    const instruction = getTransferSolInstruction({
      source: createNoopSigner(buyerAddress),
      destination: MERCHANT_WALLET,
      amount: lamports(100_000_000n) // 0.1 SOL
    });

    // Build a base64-encoded transaction
    const transaction = merchant.pay.buildTransaction(buyerAddress, [
      instruction
    ]);

    res.status(200).json({
      transaction,
      message: "Thanks for your purchase!"
    });
  } catch (error) {
    console.error("Transaction creation error:", error);
    res.status(500).json({ error: "Failed to create transaction" });
  }
}

3. Betalings-URL aanmaken

Genereer de transactieverzoek-URL:

import { encodeURL } from "@solana/pay";

// Your API endpoint
const apiUrl = "https://yoursite.com/api/pay";

// Create transaction request URL
const url = encodeURL({
  link: new URL(apiUrl)
});

console.log(url.toString());
// Output: solana:https://yoursite.com/api/pay

Wallet-zijde: Transactieverzoeken ophalen

Gebruik aan de wallet-zijde fetchTransaction om een transactie op te halen en te ondertekenen vanaf een transactieverzoek-URL:

import { createWalletClient } from "@solana/pay";

const wallet = createWalletClient({
  rpcUrl: "https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com",
  payer: myWalletSigner
});

// Parse the Solana Pay URL
const parsed = wallet.pay.parseURL(url);

if ("link" in parsed) {
  // This is a transaction request — fetch the transaction from the server
  const transaction = await wallet.pay.fetchTransaction(
    myWalletSigner.address,
    parsed.link
  );
  // Sign and send the transaction...
}

Geavanceerde voorbeelden

SPL Token-betaling

Maak een transactie voor USDC-betaling:

import { address } from "@solana/kit";
import {
  fetchMint,
  findAssociatedTokenPda,
  getTransferCheckedInstruction,
  TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS
} from "@solana-program/token";

async function createTokenPaymentInstruction(rpc, buyer, amount) {
  const USDC_MINT = address("EPjFWdd5AufqSSqeM2qN1xzybapC8G4wEGGkZwyTDt1v");

  // Get mint info for decimals
  const mint = await fetchMint(rpc, USDC_MINT);

  // Derive associated token accounts
  const [buyerATA] = await findAssociatedTokenPda({
    owner: buyer,
    tokenProgram: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS,
    mint: USDC_MINT
  });
  const [merchantATA] = await findAssociatedTokenPda({
    owner: MERCHANT_WALLET,
    tokenProgram: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS,
    mint: USDC_MINT
  });

  // Calculate token amount with decimals
  const tokenAmount = BigInt(Math.round(amount * 10 ** mint.data.decimals));

  return getTransferCheckedInstruction({
    source: buyerATA,
    mint: USDC_MINT,
    destination: merchantATA,
    authority: buyer,
    amount: tokenAmount,
    decimals: mint.data.decimals
  });
}

Dynamische prijsstelling met kortingen

Implementeer dynamische prijzen op basis van klantgegevens:

async function handlePost(req, res) {
  const { account } = req.body;
  const buyer = address(account);

  // Check if customer holds discount NFT
  const hasDiscountNFT = await checkForDiscountNFT(buyer);

  // Calculate dynamic price
  let price = 10; // $10 base price
  if (hasDiscountNFT) {
    price = price * 0.8; // 20% discount
  }

  const merchant = createMerchantClient({
    rpcUrl: process.env.SOLANA_RPC_URL
  });
  const instruction = await createTokenPaymentInstruction(
    merchant.rpc,
    buyer,
    price
  );
  const transaction = merchant.pay.buildTransaction(buyer, [instruction]);

  const message = hasDiscountNFT
    ? `20% discount applied! Total: $${price.toFixed(2)}`
    : `Total: $${price.toFixed(2)}`;

  res.status(200).json({ transaction, message });
}

Integratie van Orderbeheer

Integreer met uw bestaande ordersysteem:

import { address, AccountRole, createNoopSigner, lamports } from "@solana/kit";

// Enhanced POST handler with order management
async function handlePost(req, res) {
  const { account } = req.body;
  const { orderId } = req.query;

  if (!orderId) {
    return res.status(400).json({ error: "Missing order ID" });
  }

  // Get order details
  const order = await db.orders.findById(orderId);
  if (!order || order.status !== "pending") {
    return res.status(400).json({ error: "Invalid order" });
  }

  const buyer = address(account);

  // Create payment instruction (createNoopSigner because the wallet signs later)
  const instruction = getTransferSolInstruction({
    source: createNoopSigner(buyer),
    destination: MERCHANT_WALLET,
    amount: lamports(BigInt(Math.round(order.total * 1e9)))
  });

  // Add reference for tracking (accounts is readonly, so spread into a new instruction)
  const withRef = {
    ...instruction,
    accounts: [
      ...(instruction.accounts ?? []),
      {
        address: address(order.referenceKey),
        role: AccountRole.READONLY
      }
    ]
  };

  const merchant = createMerchantClient({ rpcUrl: process.env.SOLANA_RPC_URL });
  const transaction = merchant.pay.buildTransaction(buyer, [withRef]);

  // Update order status
  await db.orders.update(orderId, {
    status: "processing",
    walletAddress: account
  });

  res.status(200).json({
    transaction,
    message: `Order ${order.id} - ${order.items.length} items`
  });
}

Betalingsvalidatie

Valideer voltooide transacties:

import { address } from "@solana/kit";
import { createMerchantClient } from "@solana/pay";

const merchant = createMerchantClient({
  rpcUrl: "https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"
});

async function validatePayment(reference, recipient, amount) {
  try {
    const found = await merchant.pay.findReference(reference);

    // findReference only locates a signature mentioning the reference address.
    // validateTransfer checks recipient, amount, and token match.
    await merchant.pay.validateTransfer(found.signature, {
      recipient,
      amount,
      reference
    });

    return {
      success: true,
      signature: found.signature
    };
  } catch (error) {
    console.error("Payment validation error:", error);
  }

  return { success: false };
}

Foutafhandeling

Implementeer robuuste foutafhandeling:

async function handlePost(req, res) {
  try {
    const { account } = req.body;

    if (!account) {
      return res.status(400).json({
        error: "Missing account parameter",
        code: "MISSING_ACCOUNT"
      });
    }

    let buyer;
    try {
      buyer = address(account);
    } catch {
      return res.status(400).json({
        error: "Invalid account address",
        code: "INVALID_ACCOUNT"
      });
    }

    const instruction = getTransferSolInstruction({
      source: createNoopSigner(buyer),
      destination: MERCHANT_WALLET,
      amount: lamports(100_000_000n)
    });

    const merchant = createMerchantClient({
      rpcUrl: process.env.SOLANA_RPC_URL
    });
    const transaction = merchant.pay.buildTransaction(buyer, [instruction]);

    res.status(200).json({
      transaction,
      message: "Payment ready"
    });
  } catch (error) {
    console.error("Transaction request error:", error);

    res.status(500).json({
      error: "Internal server error",
      code: "INTERNAL_ERROR"
    });
  }
}

Best Practices

Beveiliging

Valideer alle invoerparameters
Bereken bedragen uitsluitend server-side
Gebruik HTTPS voor alle endpoints
Implementeer rate limiting
Sla gevoelige gegevens veilig op

Prestaties

Cache veelgebruikte gegevens
Gebruik connection pooling
Implementeer request timeouts
Overweeg webhooks te gebruiken voor betalingsbevestiging

Gebruikerservaring

Geef duidelijke foutmeldingen
Toon de voortgang van transacties
Handel netwerkproblemen netjes af
Ondersteun het opnieuw proberen van transacties

Inhoudsopgave