Co robi transfer tokenów?
Transfer tokenów przenosi tokeny z jednego konta tokenów do innego konta tokenów dla tego samego mint.
Transfery nie zmieniają podaży mint. Transfery aktualizują jedynie salda między kontami tokenów.
Jak przenieść tokeny
Transfer tokenów wykorzystuje instrukcję Transfer lub
TransferChecked Token Program.
Poniższe przykłady wykorzystują TransferChecked, która wymaga od
wywołującego podania mint i liczby miejsc dziesiętnych, aby instrukcja mogła
zweryfikować oczekiwany mint i precyzję tokena przed przeniesieniem tokenów
między kontami.
W Token Extensions Program instrukcja Transfer jest przestarzała na rzecz
TransferChecked lub TransferCheckedWithFee.
Właściciel konta źródłowego lub zatwierdzony delegat podpisuje transfer. W Token Extensions Program stały delegat mint może również autoryzować transfer, jeśli mint ma włączone rozszerzenie stałego delegata.
Źródło referencyjne
| Element | Opis | Token Program | Token Extensions Program |
|---|---|---|---|
Account | Stan konta tokenów przechowuje salda aktualizowane przez transfer. | Źródło | Źródło |
Transfer | Instrukcja transferu, która przenosi tokeny między kontami tokenów bez wymagania od wywołującego podania mint lub liczby miejsc dziesiętnych. W Token Extensions Program zamiast tego należy używać TransferChecked. | Źródło | Źródło |
TransferChecked | Instrukcja transferu, która wymaga od wywołującego podania mint i liczby miejsc dziesiętnych oraz sprawdza te wartości przed przeniesieniem tokenów między kontami tokenów tego samego mint. | Źródło | Źródło |
process_transfer | Współdzielona logika procesora dla transferów tokenów. | Źródło | Źródło |
Typescript
Poniższe przykłady Kit przedstawiają zalecane podejście z użyciem
@solana/kit. Starsze przykłady wykorzystujące @solana/web3.js zostały
dołączone w celach referencyjnych.
Kit
import { generateKeyPairSigner } from "@solana/kit";import { createLocalClient } from "@solana/kit-client-rpc";import {findAssociatedTokenPda,tokenProgram,TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS} from "@solana-program/token";const client = await createLocalClient().use(tokenProgram());const mint = await generateKeyPairSigner();const recipient = await generateKeyPairSigner();const result = await client.token.instructions.transferToATA({mint: mint.address, // Mint for the token being transferred.authority: client.payer, // Owner or delegate approving the transfer.recipient: recipient.address, // Account that owns the destination token account.amount: 25n, // Token amount in base units.decimals: 2 // Decimals defined on the mint account.}).sendTransaction();const [sourceTokenAccount] = await findAssociatedTokenPda({mint: mint.address,owner: client.payer.address,tokenProgram: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS});const [destinationTokenAccount] = await findAssociatedTokenPda({mint: mint.address,owner: recipient.address,tokenProgram: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS});const [sourceTokenAccountData, destinationTokenAccountData] =await client.token.accounts.token.fetchAll([sourceTokenAccount,destinationTokenAccount]);console.log("Mint Address:", mint.address);console.log("\nSource Token Account Address:", sourceTokenAccount);console.log("Source Token Account:", sourceTokenAccountData.data);console.log("\nDestination Token Account Address:", destinationTokenAccount);console.log("Destination Token Account:", destinationTokenAccountData.data);console.log("\nTransaction Signature:", result.context.signature);
Web3.js
import { Connection, Keypair, LAMPORTS_PER_SOL } from "@solana/web3.js";import {createAssociatedTokenAccount,createMint,getAccount,mintToChecked,TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID,transferChecked} from "@solana/spl-token";const result = await transferChecked(connection, // Connection to the local validator.feePayer, // Account paying transaction fees.feePayerATA, // Token account sending the tokens.mintPubkey, // Mint for the token being transferred.recipientATA, // Token account receiving the tokens.feePayer, // Owner or delegate approving the transfer.25, // Token amount in base units.2, // Decimals defined on the mint account.[], // Additional multisig signers.{commitment: "confirmed" // Confirmation options for the transaction.},TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID // Token program to invoke.);const senderTokenAccount = await getAccount(connection,feePayerATA,"confirmed",TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID);const recipientTokenAccount = await getAccount(connection,recipientATA,"confirmed",TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID);console.log("Mint Address:", mintPubkey.toBase58());console.log("\nSource Token Account Address:", feePayerATA.toBase58());console.log("Source Token Account:", senderTokenAccount);console.log("\nDestination Token Account Address:", recipientATA.toBase58());console.log("Destination Token Account:", recipientTokenAccount);console.log("\nTransaction Signature:", result);
Rust
use anyhow::Result;use solana_client::nonblocking::rpc_client::RpcClient;use solana_commitment_config::CommitmentConfig;use solana_sdk::{program_pack::Pack,signature::{Keypair, Signer},transaction::Transaction,};use solana_system_interface::instruction::create_account;use spl_associated_token_account_interface::{address::get_associated_token_address, instruction::create_associated_token_account,};use spl_token_interface::{id as token_program_id,instruction::{initialize_mint, mint_to_checked, transfer_checked},state::{Account, Mint},};#[tokio::main]async fn main() -> Result<()> {let client = RpcClient::new_with_commitment(String::from("http://localhost:8899"),CommitmentConfig::confirmed(),);let recipient = Keypair::new();let transfer_amount = 25;let transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(&[transfer_checked(&token_program_id(), // Token program to invoke.&source_token_address, // Token account sending the tokens.&mint.pubkey(), // Mint for the token being transferred.&destination_token_address, // Token account receiving the tokens.&fee_payer.pubkey(), // Owner or delegate approving the transfer.&[], // Additional multisig signers.transfer_amount, // Token amount in base units.decimals, // Decimals defined on the mint account.)?,],Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),&[&fee_payer],latest_blockhash,);let transaction_signature = client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction).await?;let source_token_account = client.get_account(&source_token_address).await?;let source_token_data = Account::unpack(&source_token_account.data)?;let destination_token_account = client.get_account(&destination_token_address).await?;let destination_token_data = Account::unpack(&destination_token_account.data)?;println!("Mint Address: {}", mint.pubkey());println!("\nSource Token Account Address: {}", source_token_address);println!("Source Token Account: {:#?}", source_token_data);println!("\nDestination Token Account Address: {}",destination_token_address);println!("Destination Token Account: {:#?}", destination_token_data);println!("\nTransaction Signature: {}", transaction_signature);Ok(())}
Python
#!/usr/bin/env python3import asyncioimport jsonfrom solana.rpc.async_api import AsyncClientfrom solders.keypair import Keypairfrom solders.message import Messagefrom solders.pubkey import Pubkeyfrom solders.system_program import create_account, CreateAccountParamsfrom solders.transaction import Transactionfrom spl.token.async_client import AsyncTokenfrom spl.token.instructions import (create_associated_token_account,get_associated_token_address,initialize_mint,InitializeMintParams,mint_to_checked,MintToCheckedParams,transfer_checked,TransferCheckedParams,)from spl.token.constants import MINT_LEN, TOKEN_PROGRAM_IDDECIMALS = 2AMOUNT_TO_MINT = 100AMOUNT_TO_TRANSFER = 25async def main():rpc = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")receiver = Keypair()async with rpc:transfer_tokens_instruction = transfer_checked(TransferCheckedParams(program_id=TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID, # Token program to invoke.source=source_token_account, # Token account sending the tokens.mint=mint.pubkey(), # Mint for the token being transferred.dest=destination_token_account, # Token account receiving the tokens.owner=fee_payer.pubkey(), # Account that owns the source token account.amount=AMOUNT_TO_TRANSFER, # Token amount in base units.decimals=DECIMALS, # Decimals defined on the mint account.))latest_blockhash = await rpc.get_latest_blockhash()transaction = Transaction([fee_payer],Message([transfer_tokens_instruction], fee_payer.pubkey()),latest_blockhash.value.blockhash,)result = await rpc.send_transaction(transaction)source_token_account_info = await token.get_account_info(source_token_account)destination_token_account_info = await token.get_account_info(destination_token_account)source_account = {key: str(value) if isinstance(value, Pubkey) else valuefor key, value in source_token_account_info._asdict().items()}destination_account = {key: str(value) if isinstance(value, Pubkey) else valuefor key, value in destination_token_account_info._asdict().items()}print("Mint Address:", mint.pubkey())print("\nSource Token Account Address:", source_token_account)print("Source Token Account:")print(json.dumps(source_account, indent=2))print("\nDestination Token Account Address:", destination_token_account)print("Destination Token Account:")print(json.dumps(destination_account, indent=2))print("\nTransaction Signature:", result.value)if __name__ == "__main__":asyncio.run(main())
Is this page helpful?