Delegado Permanente

O Que É um Delegado Permanente?

A extensão de mint PermanentDelegate do Token Extensions Program atribui uma autoridade de delegado ao próprio mint.

Um delegado permanente é uma autoridade no nível do mint que pode autorizar transferências e queimas para qualquer token account daquele mint. Ele age como um delegado global para todas as token accounts do mint, e os proprietários das token accounts não podem revogar o delegado permanente das suas contas.

A autoridade do mint também pode rotacionar o delegado permanente posteriormente com SetAuthority usando AuthorityType::PermanentDelegate.

Como Criar e Usar um Delegado Permanente

Para criar e usar um delegado permanente:

  1. Calcule o tamanho da mint account e o rent necessário para o mint e a extensão PermanentDelegate.
  2. Crie a mint account com CreateAccount, inicialize PermanentDelegate e inicialize o mint com InitializeMint.
  3. Envie TransferChecked ou BurnChecked assinado pelo delegado permanente. O Token Program processa essas instruções da mesma forma como se o proprietário da token account as tivesse assinado.

Calcular o tamanho da conta

Calcule o tamanho da mint account para o mint base mais a extensão PermanentDelegate. Este é o tamanho usado em CreateAccount.

Calcular o rent

Calcule o rent usando o tamanho necessário para o mint mais a extensão PermanentDelegate.

Criar a mint account

Crie a mint account com o espaço e lamports calculados.

Inicializar PermanentDelegate

Inicialize a extensão PermanentDelegate no mint.

Inicializar o mint

Inicialize o mint com InitializeMint na mesma transação.

Criar token accounts e cunhar tokens

Crie token accounts para o proprietário e destinatário, em seguida cunhe tokens para a token account do proprietário.

Transferir com o delegado permanente

Transfira tokens com TransferChecked assinado pelo delegado permanente.

Calcular o tamanho da conta

Calcule o tamanho da mint account para o mint base mais a extensão PermanentDelegate. Este é o tamanho usado em CreateAccount.

Calcular o rent

Calcule o rent usando o tamanho necessário para o mint mais a extensão PermanentDelegate.

Criar a mint account

Crie a mint account com o espaço e lamports calculados.

Inicializar PermanentDelegate

Inicialize a extensão PermanentDelegate no mint.

Inicializar o mint

Inicialize o mint com InitializeMint na mesma transação.

Criar token accounts e cunhar tokens

Crie token accounts para o proprietário e destinatário, em seguida cunhe tokens para a token account do proprietário.

Transferir com o delegado permanente

Transfira tokens com TransferChecked assinado pelo delegado permanente.

Example
const client = await createClient()
.use(generatedPayer())
.use(
solanaRpc({
rpcUrl: "http://localhost:8899",
rpcSubscriptionsUrl: "ws://localhost:8900"
})
)
.use(rpcAirdrop())
.use(airdropPayer(lamports(1_000_000_000n)));
const mint = await generateKeyPairSigner();
const owner = await generateKeyPairSigner();
const delegate = await generateKeyPairSigner();
const recipient = await generateKeyPairSigner();
const permanentDelegateExtension = extension("PermanentDelegate", {
delegate: delegate.address
});
const mintSpace = BigInt(getMintSize([permanentDelegateExtension]));

Ordem das Instruções

InitializePermanentDelegate deve vir antes de InitializeMint. CreateAccount, InitializePermanentDelegate e InitializeMint devem ser incluídos na mesma transação.

Referência do Código-Fonte

ItemDescriçãoFonte
PermanentDelegateExtensão do mint que armazena o delegado autorizado em todas as token accounts do mint.Fonte
InitializePermanentDelegateInstrução que inicializa o delegado permanente antes de InitializeMint.Fonte
SetAuthorityInstrução base de token usada com AuthorityType::PermanentDelegate para alternar o delegado.Fonte
AuthorityType::PermanentDelegateDiscriminador de autoridade usado com SetAuthority para alternar o delegado permanente em um mint.Fonte
process_initialize_permanent_delegateLógica do processador que escreve a extensão de delegado permanente no mint.Fonte
process_set_authorityLógica do processador que valida e alterna o delegado permanente quando AuthorityType::PermanentDelegate é usado.Fonte

Typescript

O exemplo Kit abaixo usa as instruções geradas diretamente. Exemplos legados usando @solana/web3.js e @solana/spl-token estão incluídos para referência.

Kit

Instructions
import {
lamports,
createClient,
generateKeyPairSigner,
unwrapOption
} from "@solana/kit";
import { solanaRpc, rpcAirdrop } from "@solana/kit-plugin-rpc";
import { generatedPayer, airdropPayer } from "@solana/kit-plugin-signer";
import { getCreateAccountInstruction } from "@solana-program/system";
import {
extension,
fetchMint,
fetchToken,
findAssociatedTokenPda,
getCreateAssociatedTokenInstructionAsync,
getInitializeMintInstruction,
getInitializePermanentDelegateInstruction,
getMintSize,
getMintToCheckedInstruction,
getTransferCheckedInstruction,
isExtension,
TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS
} from "@solana-program/token-2022";
const client = await createClient()
.use(generatedPayer())
.use(
solanaRpc({
rpcUrl: "http://localhost:8899",
rpcSubscriptionsUrl: "ws://localhost:8900"
})
)
.use(rpcAirdrop())
.use(airdropPayer(lamports(1_000_000_000n)));
const mint = await generateKeyPairSigner();
const owner = await generateKeyPairSigner();
const delegate = await generateKeyPairSigner();
const recipient = await generateKeyPairSigner();
const permanentDelegateExtension = extension("PermanentDelegate", {
delegate: delegate.address
});
const mintSpace = BigInt(getMintSize([permanentDelegateExtension]));
const mintRent = await client.rpc
.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(mintSpace)
.send();
await client.sendTransaction([
getCreateAccountInstruction({
payer: client.payer, // Account funding the new mint account.
newAccount: mint, // New mint account to create.
lamports: mintRent, // Lamports funding the mint account rent.
space: mintSpace, // Account size in bytes for the mint plus PermanentDelegate.
programAddress: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS // Program that owns the mint account.
}),
getInitializePermanentDelegateInstruction({
mint: mint.address, // Mint account that stores the PermanentDelegate extension.
delegate: delegate.address // Permanent delegate authorized for all token accounts for the mint.
}),
getInitializeMintInstruction({
mint: mint.address, // Mint account to initialize.
decimals: 0, // Number of decimals for the token.
mintAuthority: client.payer.address, // Authority allowed to mint new tokens.
freezeAuthority: client.payer.address // Authority allowed to freeze token accounts.
})
]);
const [sourceToken] = await findAssociatedTokenPda({
mint: mint.address,
owner: owner.address,
tokenProgram: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS
});
const [destinationToken] = await findAssociatedTokenPda({
mint: mint.address,
owner: recipient.address,
tokenProgram: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS
});
await client.sendTransaction([
await getCreateAssociatedTokenInstructionAsync({
payer: client.payer, // Account funding the associated token account creation.
mint: mint.address, // Mint for the associated token account.
owner: owner.address // Owner of the source token account.
}),
await getCreateAssociatedTokenInstructionAsync({
payer: client.payer, // Account funding the associated token account creation.
mint: mint.address, // Mint for the associated token account.
owner: recipient.address // Owner of the destination token account.
}),
getMintToCheckedInstruction({
mint: mint.address, // Mint account that issues the tokens.
token: sourceToken, // Token account receiving the newly minted tokens.
mintAuthority: client.payer, // Signer authorized to mint new tokens.
amount: 1n, // Token amount in base units.
decimals: 0 // Decimals defined on the mint.
})
]);
await client.sendTransaction([
getTransferCheckedInstruction({
source: sourceToken, // Token account sending the transfer.
mint: mint.address, // Mint with the permanent delegate configuration.
destination: destinationToken, // Token account receiving the transfer.
authority: delegate, // Permanent delegate signing the transfer.
amount: 1n, // Token amount in base units.
decimals: 0 // Decimals defined on the mint.
})
]);
const destinationAccount = await fetchToken(client.rpc, destinationToken);
const mintAccount = await fetchMint(client.rpc, mint.address);
const permanentDelegate = (
unwrapOption(mintAccount.data.extensions) ?? []
).find((item) => isExtension("PermanentDelegate", item));
console.log("Mint Address:", mint.address);
console.log("Destination Amount:", destinationAccount.data.amount);
console.log("Permanent Delegate Extension:", permanentDelegate);
Console
Click to execute the code.

Web3.js

Instructions
import {
Connection,
Keypair,
sendAndConfirmTransaction,
SystemProgram,
Transaction,
LAMPORTS_PER_SOL
} from "@solana/web3.js";
import {
ASSOCIATED_TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID,
createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction,
createInitializeMintInstruction,
createInitializePermanentDelegateInstruction,
createMintToCheckedInstruction,
createTransferCheckedInstruction,
ExtensionType,
getAccount,
getAssociatedTokenAddressSync,
getMint,
getMintLen,
getPermanentDelegate,
TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID
} from "@solana/spl-token";
const connection = new Connection("http://localhost:8899", "confirmed");
const latestBlockhash = await connection.getLatestBlockhash();
const feePayer = Keypair.generate();
const owner = Keypair.generate();
const delegate = Keypair.generate();
const recipient = Keypair.generate();
const airdropSignature = await connection.requestAirdrop(
feePayer.publicKey,
5 * LAMPORTS_PER_SOL
);
await connection.confirmTransaction({
blockhash: latestBlockhash.blockhash,
lastValidBlockHeight: latestBlockhash.lastValidBlockHeight,
signature: airdropSignature
});
const extensions = [ExtensionType.PermanentDelegate];
const mint = Keypair.generate();
const mintLength = getMintLen(extensions);
const mintRent = await connection.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(mintLength);
const sourceToken = getAssociatedTokenAddressSync(
mint.publicKey,
owner.publicKey,
false,
TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,
ASSOCIATED_TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID
);
const destinationToken = getAssociatedTokenAddressSync(
mint.publicKey,
recipient.publicKey,
false,
TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,
ASSOCIATED_TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID
);
const createMintAccountInstruction = SystemProgram.createAccount({
fromPubkey: feePayer.publicKey, // Account funding the new mint account.
newAccountPubkey: mint.publicKey, // New mint account to create.
space: mintLength, // Account size in bytes for the mint plus PermanentDelegate.
lamports: mintRent, // Lamports funding the mint account rent.
programId: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID // Program that owns the mint account.
});
const initializePermanentDelegateInstruction =
createInitializePermanentDelegateInstruction(
mint.publicKey, // Mint account that stores the PermanentDelegate extension.
delegate.publicKey, // Permanent delegate authorized for all token accounts for the mint.
TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID // Token program that owns the mint.
);
const initializeMintInstruction = createInitializeMintInstruction(
mint.publicKey, // Mint account to initialize.
0, // Number of decimals for the token.
feePayer.publicKey, // Authority allowed to mint new tokens.
feePayer.publicKey, // Authority allowed to freeze token accounts.
TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID // Program that owns the mint account.
);
await sendAndConfirmTransaction(
connection,
new Transaction().add(
createMintAccountInstruction,
initializePermanentDelegateInstruction,
initializeMintInstruction
),
[feePayer, mint],
{
commitment: "confirmed"
}
);
await sendAndConfirmTransaction(
connection,
new Transaction().add(
createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction(
feePayer.publicKey, // Account funding the associated token account creation.
sourceToken, // Associated token account address to create.
owner.publicKey, // Owner of the source token account.
mint.publicKey, // Mint for the associated token account.
TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Token program that owns the token account.
ASSOCIATED_TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID // Associated Token Program that creates the account.
),
createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction(
feePayer.publicKey, // Account funding the associated token account creation.
destinationToken, // Associated token account address to create.
recipient.publicKey, // Owner of the destination token account.
mint.publicKey, // Mint for the associated token account.
TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Token program that owns the token account.
ASSOCIATED_TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID // Associated Token Program that creates the account.
),
createMintToCheckedInstruction(
mint.publicKey, // Mint account that issues the tokens.
sourceToken, // Token account receiving the newly minted tokens.
feePayer.publicKey, // Signer authorized to mint new tokens.
1, // Token amount in base units.
0, // Decimals defined on the mint.
[], // Additional multisig signers.
TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID // Token program that owns the mint and token account.
)
),
[feePayer],
{
commitment: "confirmed"
}
);
await sendAndConfirmTransaction(
connection,
new Transaction().add(
createTransferCheckedInstruction(
sourceToken, // Token account sending the transfer.
mint.publicKey, // Mint with the permanent delegate configuration.
destinationToken, // Token account receiving the transfer.
delegate.publicKey, // Permanent delegate signing the transfer.
1, // Token amount in base units.
0, // Decimals defined on the mint.
[], // Additional multisig signers.
TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID // Token program that processes the transfer.
)
),
[feePayer, delegate],
{
commitment: "confirmed"
}
);
const destinationAccount = await getAccount(
connection,
destinationToken,
"confirmed",
TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID
);
const mintAccount = await getMint(
connection,
mint.publicKey,
"confirmed",
TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID
);
const permanentDelegate = getPermanentDelegate(mintAccount);
console.log("Mint Address:", mint.publicKey.toBase58());
console.log("Destination Amount:", destinationAccount.amount.toString());
console.log("Permanent Delegate Extension:", permanentDelegate);
Console
Click to execute the code.

Rust

Rust
use anyhow::Result;
use solana_client::nonblocking::rpc_client::RpcClient;
use solana_commitment_config::CommitmentConfig;
use solana_sdk::{
signature::{Keypair, Signer},
transaction::Transaction,
};
use solana_system_interface::instruction::create_account;
use spl_associated_token_account_interface::{
address::get_associated_token_address_with_program_id,
instruction::create_associated_token_account,
};
use spl_token_2022_interface::{
extension::{
permanent_delegate::PermanentDelegate, BaseStateWithExtensions, ExtensionType,
StateWithExtensions,
},
instruction::{
initialize_mint, initialize_permanent_delegate, mint_to_checked, transfer_checked,
},
state::{Account, Mint},
ID as TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,
};
#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<()> {
let client = RpcClient::new_with_commitment(
String::from("http://localhost:8899"),
CommitmentConfig::confirmed(),
);
let fee_payer = Keypair::new();
let owner = Keypair::new();
let delegate = Keypair::new();
let recipient = Keypair::new();
let airdrop_signature = client
.request_airdrop(&fee_payer.pubkey(), 5_000_000_000)
.await?;
loop {
let confirmed = client.confirm_transaction(&airdrop_signature).await?;
if confirmed {
break;
}
}
let mint = Keypair::new();
let mint_space =
ExtensionType::try_calculate_account_len::<Mint>(&[ExtensionType::PermanentDelegate])?;
let mint_rent = client
.get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(mint_space)
.await?;
let create_mint_account_instruction = create_account(
&fee_payer.pubkey(), // Account funding the new mint account.
&mint.pubkey(), // New mint account to create.
mint_rent, // Lamports funding the mint account rent.
mint_space as u64, // Account size in bytes for the mint plus PermanentDelegate.
&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Program that owns the mint account.
);
let initialize_permanent_delegate_ix = initialize_permanent_delegate(
&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Token program that owns the mint.
&mint.pubkey(), // Mint account that stores the PermanentDelegate extension.
&delegate.pubkey(), // Permanent delegate authorized for all token accounts for the mint.
)?;
let initialize_mint_instruction = initialize_mint(
&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Program that owns the mint account.
&mint.pubkey(), // Mint account to initialize.
&fee_payer.pubkey(), // Authority allowed to mint new tokens.
Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()), // Authority allowed to freeze token accounts.
0, // Number of decimals for the token.
)?;
let create_mint_transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(
&[
create_mint_account_instruction,
initialize_permanent_delegate_ix,
initialize_mint_instruction,
],
Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),
&[&fee_payer, &mint],
client.get_latest_blockhash().await?,
);
client
.send_and_confirm_transaction(&create_mint_transaction)
.await?;
let source_token = get_associated_token_address_with_program_id(
&owner.pubkey(),
&mint.pubkey(),
&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,
);
let destination_token = get_associated_token_address_with_program_id(
&recipient.pubkey(),
&mint.pubkey(),
&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,
);
let create_token_accounts_transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(
&[
create_associated_token_account(
&fee_payer.pubkey(), // Account funding the associated token account creation.
&owner.pubkey(), // Owner of the source token account.
&mint.pubkey(), // Mint for the associated token account.
&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Token program that owns the token account.
),
create_associated_token_account(
&fee_payer.pubkey(), // Account funding the associated token account creation.
&recipient.pubkey(), // Owner of the destination token account.
&mint.pubkey(), // Mint for the associated token account.
&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Token program that owns the token account.
),
mint_to_checked(
&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Token program that owns the mint and token account.
&mint.pubkey(), // Mint account that issues the tokens.
&source_token, // Token account receiving the newly minted tokens.
&fee_payer.pubkey(), // Signer authorized to mint new tokens.
&[&fee_payer.pubkey()], // Additional multisig signers.
1, // Token amount in base units.
0, // Decimals defined on the mint.
)?,
],
Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),
&[&fee_payer],
client.get_latest_blockhash().await?,
);
client
.send_and_confirm_transaction(&create_token_accounts_transaction)
.await?;
let transfer_transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(
&[
transfer_checked(
&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Token program that processes the transfer.
&source_token, // Token account sending the transfer.
&mint.pubkey(), // Mint with the permanent delegate configuration.
&destination_token, // Token account receiving the transfer.
&delegate.pubkey(), // Permanent delegate signing the transfer.
&[&delegate.pubkey()], // Additional multisig signers.
1, // Token amount in base units.
0, // Decimals defined on the mint.
)?,
],
Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),
&[&fee_payer, &delegate],
client.get_latest_blockhash().await?,
);
client
.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transfer_transaction)
.await?;
let destination_account = client.get_account(&destination_token).await?;
let destination_state =
StateWithExtensions::<Account>::unpack(&destination_account.data)?;
let mint_account = client.get_account(&mint.pubkey()).await?;
let mint_state = StateWithExtensions::<Mint>::unpack(&mint_account.data)?;
let permanent_delegate = mint_state.get_extension::<PermanentDelegate>()?;
println!("Mint Address: {}", mint.pubkey());
println!(
"Destination Amount: {}",
u64::from(destination_state.base.amount)
);
println!("Permanent Delegate Extension: {:?}", permanent_delegate);
Ok(())
}
Console
Click to execute the code.

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