Что такое состояние аккаунта по умолчанию?
Расширение минта DefaultAccountState Token Extensions Program
устанавливает начальное AccountState для каждого нового токен-аккаунта,
создаваемого для этого минта.
Чаще всего это используется для того, чтобы новые токен-аккаунты начинали работу в замороженном состоянии. Замороженные токен-аккаунты не могут быть использованы до тех пор, пока полномочие заморозки минта не разморозит их.
Как создать минт с состоянием аккаунта по умолчанию
Чтобы создать минт с состоянием аккаунта по умолчанию:
- Рассчитайте размер mint account и rent, необходимые для минта и расширения
DefaultAccountState. - Создайте mint account с помощью
CreateAccount, инициализируйтеDefaultAccountStateи инициализируйте минт с помощьюInitializeMint. - Создайте токен-аккаунты для минта и убедитесь, что каждый новый токен-аккаунт начинает работу в текущем состоянии по умолчанию.
- Используйте
UpdateDefaultAccountState, чтобы изменить состояние, в котором будущие токен-аккаунты должны начинать работу.
Расчёт размера аккаунта
Рассчитайте размер mint account для базового минта плюс расширение
DefaultAccountState. Это размер, используемый в CreateAccount.
Расчёт rent
Рассчитайте rent, используя размер, необходимый для минта плюс расширение
DefaultAccountState.
Создание mint account
Создайте mint account с рассчитанным пространством и lamport.
const client = await createClient().use(generatedPayer()).use(solanaRpc({rpcUrl: "http://localhost:8899",rpcSubscriptionsUrl: "ws://localhost:8900"})).use(rpcAirdrop()).use(airdropPayer(lamports(1_000_000_000n)));const mint = await generateKeyPairSigner();const recipient = await generateKeyPairSigner();const defaultAccountStateExtension = extension("DefaultAccountState", {state: AccountState.Frozen});const mintSpace = BigInt(getMintSize([defaultAccountStateExtension]));const mintRent = await client.rpc.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(mintSpace).send();await client.sendTransaction([getCreateAccountInstruction({payer: client.payer,newAccount: mint,lamports: mintRent,space: mintSpace,programAddress: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS})]);
Инициализация DefaultAccountState
Инициализируйте расширение DefaultAccountState на минте.
const client = await createClient().use(generatedPayer()).use(solanaRpc({rpcUrl: "http://localhost:8899",rpcSubscriptionsUrl: "ws://localhost:8900"})).use(rpcAirdrop()).use(airdropPayer(lamports(1_000_000_000n)));const mint = await generateKeyPairSigner();const recipient = await generateKeyPairSigner();const defaultAccountStateExtension = extension("DefaultAccountState", {state: AccountState.Frozen});const mintSpace = BigInt(getMintSize([defaultAccountStateExtension]));const mintRent = await client.rpc.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(mintSpace).send();await client.sendTransaction([getCreateAccountInstruction({payer: client.payer,newAccount: mint,lamports: mintRent,space: mintSpace,programAddress: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS}),getInitializeDefaultAccountStateInstruction({mint: mint.address,state: AccountState.Frozen})]);
Инициализация минта
Инициализируйте минт с InitializeMint в той же транзакции.
const client = await createClient().use(generatedPayer()).use(solanaRpc({rpcUrl: "http://localhost:8899",rpcSubscriptionsUrl: "ws://localhost:8900"})).use(rpcAirdrop()).use(airdropPayer(lamports(1_000_000_000n)));const mint = await generateKeyPairSigner();const recipient = await generateKeyPairSigner();const defaultAccountStateExtension = extension("DefaultAccountState", {state: AccountState.Frozen});const mintSpace = BigInt(getMintSize([defaultAccountStateExtension]));const mintRent = await client.rpc.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(mintSpace).send();await client.sendTransaction([getCreateAccountInstruction({payer: client.payer,newAccount: mint,lamports: mintRent,space: mintSpace,programAddress: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS}),getInitializeDefaultAccountStateInstruction({mint: mint.address,state: AccountState.Frozen}),getInitializeMintInstruction({mint: mint.address,decimals: 0,mintAuthority: client.payer.address,freezeAuthority: client.payer.address})]);
Создание token account
Создайте token account для минта. Поскольку текущее состояние по умолчанию —
Frozen, новый token account начинает работу в замороженном состоянии.
const client = await createClient().use(generatedPayer()).use(solanaRpc({rpcUrl: "http://localhost:8899",rpcSubscriptionsUrl: "ws://localhost:8900"})).use(rpcAirdrop()).use(airdropPayer(lamports(1_000_000_000n)));const mint = await generateKeyPairSigner();const recipient = await generateKeyPairSigner();const defaultAccountStateExtension = extension("DefaultAccountState", {state: AccountState.Frozen});const mintSpace = BigInt(getMintSize([defaultAccountStateExtension]));const mintRent = await client.rpc.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(mintSpace).send();await client.sendTransaction([getCreateAccountInstruction({payer: client.payer,newAccount: mint,lamports: mintRent,space: mintSpace,programAddress: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS}),getInitializeDefaultAccountStateInstruction({mint: mint.address,state: AccountState.Frozen}),getInitializeMintInstruction({mint: mint.address,decimals: 0,mintAuthority: client.payer.address,freezeAuthority: client.payer.address})]);const [tokenAccount] = await findAssociatedTokenPda({mint: mint.address,owner: recipient.address,tokenProgram: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS});await client.sendTransaction([await getCreateAssociatedTokenInstructionAsync({payer: client.payer,mint: mint.address,owner: recipient.address})]);
Обновление состояния аккаунта по умолчанию
Используйте UpdateDefaultAccountState, чтобы изменить состояние по
умолчанию, и будущие token accounts больше не будут начинать работу в
замороженном состоянии.
const client = await createClient().use(generatedPayer()).use(solanaRpc({rpcUrl: "http://localhost:8899",rpcSubscriptionsUrl: "ws://localhost:8900"})).use(rpcAirdrop()).use(airdropPayer(lamports(1_000_000_000n)));const mint = await generateKeyPairSigner();const recipient = await generateKeyPairSigner();const defaultAccountStateExtension = extension("DefaultAccountState", {state: AccountState.Frozen});const mintSpace = BigInt(getMintSize([defaultAccountStateExtension]));const mintRent = await client.rpc.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(mintSpace).send();await client.sendTransaction([getCreateAccountInstruction({payer: client.payer,newAccount: mint,lamports: mintRent,space: mintSpace,programAddress: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS}),getInitializeDefaultAccountStateInstruction({mint: mint.address,state: AccountState.Frozen}),getInitializeMintInstruction({mint: mint.address,decimals: 0,mintAuthority: client.payer.address,freezeAuthority: client.payer.address})]);const [tokenAccount] = await findAssociatedTokenPda({mint: mint.address,owner: recipient.address,tokenProgram: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS});await client.sendTransaction([await getCreateAssociatedTokenInstructionAsync({payer: client.payer,mint: mint.address,owner: recipient.address})]);await client.sendTransaction([getUpdateDefaultAccountStateInstruction({mint: mint.address,freezeAuthority: client.payer,state: AccountState.Initialized})]);
Порядок инструкций
DefaultAccountStateInstruction::Initialize должна идти перед
InitializeMint. CreateAccount,
DefaultAccountStateInstruction::Initialize и InitializeMint должны
быть включены в одну транзакцию.
Справочные материалы
| Элемент | Описание | Источник |
|---|---|---|
DefaultAccountState | Расширение минта, которое хранит состояние, наследуемое новыми token accounts. | Источник |
DefaultAccountStateInstruction::Initialize | Инструкция, которая инициализирует состояние token account по умолчанию для минта перед InitializeMint. | Источник |
DefaultAccountStateInstruction::Update | Инструкция, которая позволяет полномочиям на заморозку изменить состояние по умолчанию для будущих token accounts. | Источник |
process_initialize_default_account_state | Логика процессора, которая записывает начальное состояние по умолчанию на неинициализированный минт. | Источник |
process_update_default_account_state | Логика процессора, которая проверяет полномочия на заморозку перед изменением сохранённого состояния минта по умолчанию. | Источник |
Typescript
Приведённый ниже пример Kit использует сгенерированные инструкции напрямую.
Устаревшие примеры с использованием @solana/web3.js и @solana/spl-token
включены для справки.
Kit
import {lamports,createClient,generateKeyPairSigner,unwrapOption} from "@solana/kit";import { solanaRpc, rpcAirdrop } from "@solana/kit-plugin-rpc";import { generatedPayer, airdropPayer } from "@solana/kit-plugin-signer";import { getCreateAccountInstruction } from "@solana-program/system";import {AccountState,extension,fetchMint,fetchToken,findAssociatedTokenPda,getCreateAssociatedTokenInstructionAsync,getInitializeDefaultAccountStateInstruction,getInitializeMintInstruction,getMintSize,getUpdateDefaultAccountStateInstruction,isExtension,TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS} from "@solana-program/token-2022";const client = await createClient().use(generatedPayer()).use(solanaRpc({rpcUrl: "http://localhost:8899",rpcSubscriptionsUrl: "ws://localhost:8900"})).use(rpcAirdrop()).use(airdropPayer(lamports(1_000_000_000n)));const mint = await generateKeyPairSigner();const getAccountStateLabel = (state: AccountState) => {switch (state) {case AccountState.Frozen:return "Frozen";case AccountState.Initialized:return "Initialized";default:return "Uninitialized";}};const defaultAccountStateExtension = extension("DefaultAccountState", {state: AccountState.Frozen});const mintSpace = BigInt(getMintSize([defaultAccountStateExtension]));const mintRent = await client.rpc.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(mintSpace).send();await client.sendTransaction([getCreateAccountInstruction({payer: client.payer, // Account funding the new mint account.newAccount: mint, // New mint account to create.lamports: mintRent, // Lamports funding the mint account rent.space: mintSpace, // Account size in bytes for the mint plus DefaultAccountState.programAddress: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS // Program that owns the mint account.}),getInitializeDefaultAccountStateInstruction({mint: mint.address, // Mint account that stores the DefaultAccountState extension.state: AccountState.Frozen // Default state assigned to new token accounts.}),getInitializeMintInstruction({mint: mint.address, // Mint account to initialize.decimals: 0, // Number of decimals for the token.mintAuthority: client.payer.address, // Authority allowed to mint new tokens.freezeAuthority: client.payer.address // Authority allowed to freeze token accounts.})]);const [tokenAccount] = await findAssociatedTokenPda({mint: mint.address,owner: client.payer.address,tokenProgram: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS});await client.sendTransaction([await getCreateAssociatedTokenInstructionAsync({payer: client.payer, // Account funding the associated token account creation.mint: mint.address, // Mint for the associated token account.owner: client.payer.address // Owner of the token account.})]);const tokenAccountBeforeUpdate = await fetchToken(client.rpc, tokenAccount);const mintAccountBeforeUpdate = await fetchMint(client.rpc, mint.address);const defaultAccountStateBeforeUpdate = (unwrapOption(mintAccountBeforeUpdate.data.extensions) ?? []).find((item) => isExtension("DefaultAccountState", item));await client.sendTransaction([getUpdateDefaultAccountStateInstruction({mint: mint.address, // Mint account that stores the DefaultAccountState extension.freezeAuthority: client.payer, // Freeze authority authorized to update the default state.state: AccountState.Initialized // New default state assigned to later token accounts.})]);const tokenAccountAfterUpdate = await fetchToken(client.rpc, tokenAccount);const mintAccountAfterUpdate = await fetchMint(client.rpc, mint.address);const defaultAccountStateAfterUpdate = (unwrapOption(mintAccountAfterUpdate.data.extensions) ?? []).find((item) => isExtension("DefaultAccountState", item));console.log("Mint Address:", mint.address);console.log("Default Account State Before Update:",defaultAccountStateBeforeUpdate);console.log("Token Account State Before Update:",getAccountStateLabel(tokenAccountBeforeUpdate.data.state));console.log("Default Account State After Update:",defaultAccountStateAfterUpdate);console.log("Token Account State After Update:",getAccountStateLabel(tokenAccountAfterUpdate.data.state));
Web3.js
import {Connection,Keypair,sendAndConfirmTransaction,SystemProgram,Transaction,LAMPORTS_PER_SOL} from "@solana/web3.js";import {AccountState,ASSOCIATED_TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID,createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction,createInitializeDefaultAccountStateInstruction,createInitializeMintInstruction,createUpdateDefaultAccountStateInstruction,ExtensionType,getAccount,getAssociatedTokenAddressSync,getDefaultAccountState,getMint,getMintLen,TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID} from "@solana/spl-token";const connection = new Connection("http://localhost:8899", "confirmed");const latestBlockhash = await connection.getLatestBlockhash();const feePayer = Keypair.generate();const getTokenAccountStateLabel = (account: {isInitialized: boolean;isFrozen: boolean;}) => {if (account.isFrozen) return "Frozen";if (account.isInitialized) return "Initialized";return "Uninitialized";};const airdropSignature = await connection.requestAirdrop(feePayer.publicKey,5 * LAMPORTS_PER_SOL);await connection.confirmTransaction({blockhash: latestBlockhash.blockhash,lastValidBlockHeight: latestBlockhash.lastValidBlockHeight,signature: airdropSignature});const extensions = [ExtensionType.DefaultAccountState];const mint = Keypair.generate();const mintLength = getMintLen(extensions);const mintRent = await connection.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(mintLength);const createMintAccountInstruction = SystemProgram.createAccount({fromPubkey: feePayer.publicKey, // Account funding the new mint account.newAccountPubkey: mint.publicKey, // New mint account to create.space: mintLength, // Account size in bytes for the mint plus DefaultAccountState.lamports: mintRent, // Lamports funding the mint account rent.programId: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID // Program that owns the mint account.});const initializeDefaultStateInstruction =createInitializeDefaultAccountStateInstruction(mint.publicKey, // Mint account that stores the DefaultAccountState extension.AccountState.Frozen, // Default state assigned to new token accounts.TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID // Token program that owns the mint.);const initializeMintInstruction = createInitializeMintInstruction(mint.publicKey, // Mint account to initialize.0, // Number of decimals for the token.feePayer.publicKey, // Authority allowed to mint new tokens.feePayer.publicKey, // Authority allowed to freeze token accounts.TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID // Program that owns the mint account.);await sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection,new Transaction({feePayer: feePayer.publicKey,blockhash: latestBlockhash.blockhash,lastValidBlockHeight: latestBlockhash.lastValidBlockHeight}).add(createMintAccountInstruction,initializeDefaultStateInstruction,initializeMintInstruction),[feePayer, mint]);const tokenAccount = getAssociatedTokenAddressSync(mint.publicKey,feePayer.publicKey,false,TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,ASSOCIATED_TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID);await sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection,new Transaction().add(createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction(feePayer.publicKey, // Account funding the associated token account creation.tokenAccount, // Associated token account address to create.feePayer.publicKey, // Owner of the token account.mint.publicKey, // Mint for the associated token account.TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Token program that owns the token account.ASSOCIATED_TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID // Associated Token Program that creates the account.)),[feePayer],{commitment: "confirmed"});const tokenAccountBeforeUpdate = await getAccount(connection,tokenAccount,"confirmed",TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID);const mintAccountBeforeUpdate = await getMint(connection,mint.publicKey,"confirmed",TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID);const defaultAccountStateBeforeUpdate = getDefaultAccountState(mintAccountBeforeUpdate);const updateDefaultStateInstruction =createUpdateDefaultAccountStateInstruction(mint.publicKey, // Mint account that stores the DefaultAccountState extension.AccountState.Initialized, // New default state assigned to later token accounts.feePayer.publicKey, // Freeze authority authorized to update the default state.[], // Additional multisig signers.TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID // Token program that owns the mint.);await sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection,new Transaction().add(updateDefaultStateInstruction),[feePayer],{commitment: "confirmed"});const tokenAccountAfterUpdate = await getAccount(connection,tokenAccount,"confirmed",TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID);const mintAccountAfterUpdate = await getMint(connection,mint.publicKey,"confirmed",TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID);const defaultAccountStateAfterUpdate = getDefaultAccountState(mintAccountAfterUpdate);console.log("Mint Address:", mint.publicKey.toBase58());console.log("Default Account State Before Update:",defaultAccountStateBeforeUpdate);console.log("Token Account State Before Update:",getTokenAccountStateLabel(tokenAccountBeforeUpdate));console.log("Default Account State After Update:",defaultAccountStateAfterUpdate);console.log("Token Account State After Update:",getTokenAccountStateLabel(tokenAccountAfterUpdate));
Rust
use anyhow::Result;use solana_client::nonblocking::rpc_client::RpcClient;use solana_commitment_config::CommitmentConfig;use solana_sdk::{signature::{Keypair, Signer},transaction::Transaction,};use solana_system_interface::instruction::create_account;use spl_associated_token_account_interface::{address::get_associated_token_address_with_program_id,instruction::create_associated_token_account,};use spl_token_2022_interface::{extension::{default_account_state::{instruction::{initialize_default_account_state, update_default_account_state},DefaultAccountState,},BaseStateWithExtensions, ExtensionType, StateWithExtensions,},instruction::initialize_mint,state::{Account, AccountState, Mint},ID as TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,};fn get_account_state_label(state: AccountState) -> &'static str {match state {AccountState::Frozen => "Frozen",AccountState::Initialized => "Initialized",AccountState::Uninitialized => "Uninitialized",}}#[tokio::main]async fn main() -> Result<()> {let client = RpcClient::new_with_commitment(String::from("http://localhost:8899"),CommitmentConfig::confirmed(),);let fee_payer = Keypair::new();let airdrop_signature = client.request_airdrop(&fee_payer.pubkey(), 5_000_000_000).await?;loop {let confirmed = client.confirm_transaction(&airdrop_signature).await?;if confirmed {break;}}let mint = Keypair::new();let mint_space =ExtensionType::try_calculate_account_len::<Mint>(&[ExtensionType::DefaultAccountState])?;let mint_rent = client.get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(mint_space).await?;let create_mint_account_instruction = create_account(&fee_payer.pubkey(), // Account funding the new mint account.&mint.pubkey(), // New mint account to create.mint_rent, // Lamports funding the mint account rent.mint_space as u64, // Account size in bytes for the mint plus DefaultAccountState.&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Program that owns the mint account.);let initialize_default_account_state_instruction = initialize_default_account_state(&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Token program that owns the mint.&mint.pubkey(), // Mint account that stores the DefaultAccountState extension.&AccountState::Frozen, // Default state assigned to new token accounts.)?;let initialize_mint_instruction = initialize_mint(&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Program that owns the mint account.&mint.pubkey(), // Mint account to initialize.&fee_payer.pubkey(), // Authority allowed to mint new tokens.Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()), // Authority allowed to freeze token accounts.0, // Number of decimals for the token.)?;let create_mint_transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(&[create_mint_account_instruction,initialize_default_account_state_instruction,initialize_mint_instruction,],Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),&[&fee_payer, &mint],client.get_latest_blockhash().await?,);client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&create_mint_transaction).await?;let token_account = get_associated_token_address_with_program_id(&fee_payer.pubkey(),&mint.pubkey(),&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,);let create_token_account_transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(&[create_associated_token_account(&fee_payer.pubkey(), // Account funding the associated token account creation.&fee_payer.pubkey(), // Owner of the token account.&mint.pubkey(), // Mint for the associated token account.&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Token program that owns the token account.)],Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),&[&fee_payer],client.get_latest_blockhash().await?,);client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&create_token_account_transaction).await?;let token_account_data_before_update = client.get_account(&token_account).await?;let token_account_state_before_update =StateWithExtensions::<Account>::unpack(&token_account_data_before_update.data)?;let mint_account_before_update = client.get_account(&mint.pubkey()).await?;let mint_state_before_update =StateWithExtensions::<Mint>::unpack(&mint_account_before_update.data)?;let default_account_state_before_update = mint_state_before_update.get_extension::<DefaultAccountState>()?;let update_default_account_state_instruction = update_default_account_state(&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Token program that owns the mint.&mint.pubkey(), // Mint account that stores the DefaultAccountState extension.&fee_payer.pubkey(), // Freeze authority authorized to update the default state.&[&fee_payer.pubkey()], // Additional multisig signers.&AccountState::Initialized, // New default state assigned to later token accounts.)?;let update_default_account_state_transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(&[update_default_account_state_instruction],Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),&[&fee_payer],client.get_latest_blockhash().await?,);client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&update_default_account_state_transaction).await?;let token_account_data_after_update = client.get_account(&token_account).await?;let token_account_state_after_update =StateWithExtensions::<Account>::unpack(&token_account_data_after_update.data)?;let mint_account_after_update = client.get_account(&mint.pubkey()).await?;let mint_state_after_update =StateWithExtensions::<Mint>::unpack(&mint_account_after_update.data)?;let default_account_state_after_update =mint_state_after_update.get_extension::<DefaultAccountState>()?;println!("Mint Address: {}", mint.pubkey());println!("Default Account State Before Update: {:?}",default_account_state_before_update);println!("Token Account State Before Update: {}",get_account_state_label(token_account_state_before_update.base.state));println!("Default Account State After Update: {:?}",default_account_state_after_update);println!("Token Account State After Update: {}",get_account_state_label(token_account_state_after_update.base.state));Ok(())}
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