Create a Token Mint

What's a Mint Account?

A mint account uniquely represents a token on Solana and stores its global metadata.

Mint Account Type
/// Mint data.
#[repr(C)]
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]
pub struct Mint {
/// Optional authority used to mint new tokens. The mint authority may only
/// be provided during mint creation. If no mint authority is present
/// then the mint has a fixed supply and no further tokens may be
/// minted.
pub mint_authority: COption<Pubkey>,
/// Total supply of tokens.
pub supply: u64,
/// Number of base 10 digits to the right of the decimal place.
pub decimals: u8,
/// Is `true` if this structure has been initialized
pub is_initialized: bool,
/// Optional authority to freeze token accounts.
pub freeze_authority: COption<Pubkey>,
}

Note that both the Token Program and Token Extension Program share the same base implementation for the Mint account.

Every token on Solana has a mint account, and the mint's address serves as the token's unique identifier.

For example, USD Coin (USDC) has the mint address EPjFWdd5AufqSSqeM2qN1xzybapC8G4wEGGkZwyTDt1v. This address uniquely identifies USDC throughout the Solana ecosystem. You can view this mint on Solana Explorer.

How to Create a Mint Account

Creating a mint account requires the InitializeMint instruction. See the implementation details here.

You need invoke two instructions to create a mint account:

  1. System Program: Create an account with allocated space for a mint account and transfer ownership to the Token Program.
  2. Token Program: Initialize the mint account data

Typescript

import {
airdropFactory,
appendTransactionMessageInstructions,
createSolanaRpc,
createSolanaRpcSubscriptions,
createTransactionMessage,
generateKeyPairSigner,
getSignatureFromTransaction,
lamports,
pipe,
sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory,
setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner,
setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash,
signTransactionMessageWithSigners
} from "@solana/kit";
import { getCreateAccountInstruction } from "@solana-program/system";
import {
getInitializeMintInstruction,
getMintSize,
TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS
} from "@solana-program/token";
// Create Connection, local validator in this example
const rpc = createSolanaRpc("http://localhost:8899");
const rpcSubscriptions = createSolanaRpcSubscriptions("ws://localhost:8900");
// Generate keypairs for fee payer
const feePayer = await generateKeyPairSigner();
// Fund fee payer
await airdropFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })({
recipientAddress: feePayer.address,
lamports: lamports(1_000_000_000n),
commitment: "confirmed"
});
// Generate keypair to use as address of mint
const mint = await generateKeyPairSigner();
// Get default mint account size (in bytes), no extensions enabled
const space = BigInt(getMintSize());
// Get minimum balance for rent exemption
const rent = await rpc.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(space).send();
// Instruction to create new account for mint (token program)
// Invokes the system program
const createAccountInstruction = getCreateAccountInstruction({
payer: feePayer,
newAccount: mint,
lamports: rent,
space,
programAddress: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS
});
// Instruction to initialize mint account data
// Invokes the token program
const initializeMintInstruction = getInitializeMintInstruction({
mint: mint.address,
decimals: 9,
mintAuthority: feePayer.address
});
const instructions = [createAccountInstruction, initializeMintInstruction];
// Get latest blockhash to include in transaction
const { value: latestBlockhash } = await rpc.getLatestBlockhash().send();
// Create transaction message
const transactionMessage = pipe(
createTransactionMessage({ version: 0 }), // Create transaction message
(tx) => setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner(feePayer, tx), // Set fee payer
(tx) => setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash(latestBlockhash, tx), // Set transaction blockhash
(tx) => appendTransactionMessageInstructions(instructions, tx) // Append instructions
);
// Sign transaction message with required signers (fee payer and mint keypair)
const signedTransaction =
await signTransactionMessageWithSigners(transactionMessage);
// Send and confirm transaction
await sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })(
signedTransaction,
{ commitment: "confirmed" }
);
// Get transaction signature
const transactionSignature = getSignatureFromTransaction(signedTransaction);
console.log("Mint Address:", mint.address);
console.log("\nTransaction Signature:", transactionSignature);
Console
Click to execute the code.

Rust

use anyhow::Result;
use solana_client::nonblocking::rpc_client::RpcClient;
use solana_sdk::{
commitment_config::CommitmentConfig,
program_pack::Pack,
signature::{Keypair, Signer},
system_instruction::create_account,
transaction::Transaction,
};
use spl_token::{id as token_program_id, instruction::initialize_mint, state::Mint};
#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<()> {
// Create connection to local validator
let client = RpcClient::new_with_commitment(
String::from("http://localhost:8899"),
CommitmentConfig::confirmed(),
);
let latestBlockhash = client.get_latest_blockhash().await?;
// Generate a new keypair for the fee payer
let fee_payer = Keypair::new();
// Airdrop 1 SOL to fee payer
let airdrop_signature = client
.request_airdrop(&fee_payer.pubkey(), 1_000_000_000)
.await?;
client.confirm_transaction(&airdrop_signature).await?;
loop {
let confirmed = client.confirm_transaction(&airdrop_signature).await?;
if confirmed {
break;
}
}
// Generate keypair to use as address of mint
let mint = Keypair::new();
let space = Mint::LEN;
let rent = client.get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(space).await?;
// Create account instruction
let create_account_instruction = create_account(
&fee_payer.pubkey(),
&mint.pubkey(),
rent,
space as u64,
&token_program_id(),
);
// Initialize mint instruction
let initialize_mint_instruction = initialize_mint(
&token_program_id(),
&mint.pubkey(), // mint address
&fee_payer.pubkey(), // mint authority
Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()), // freeze authority
9, // decimals
)?;
// Create transaction and add instructions
let transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(
&[create_account_instruction, initialize_mint_instruction],
Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),
&[&fee_payer, &mint],
latestBlockhash,
);
// Send and confirm transaction
let transaction_signature = client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction).await?;
println!("Mint Address: {}", mint.pubkey());
println!("\nTransaction Signature: {}", transaction_signature);
Ok(())
}
Console
Click to execute the code.

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