Token Mint Oluşturma
Mint Account Nedir?
Mint account, Solana'nın Token Programs'ında ağ üzerinde bir tokeni benzersiz şekilde temsil eden ve token hakkında global meta verileri depolayan bir hesap türüdür.
/// Mint data.#[repr(C)]#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]pub struct Mint {/// Optional authority used to mint new tokens. The mint authority may only/// be provided during mint creation. If no mint authority is present/// then the mint has a fixed supply and no further tokens may be/// minted.pub mint_authority: COption<Pubkey>,/// Total supply of tokens.pub supply: u64,/// Number of base 10 digits to the right of the decimal place.pub decimals: u8,/// Is `true` if this structure has been initializedpub is_initialized: bool,/// Optional authority to freeze token accounts.pub freeze_authority: COption<Pubkey>,}
Token Program ve Token Extension Program'ın Mint hesabı için aynı temel uygulamayı paylaştığını unutmayın.
Solana'daki her token, adresi ağ üzerindeki benzersiz tanımlayıcısı olan bir mint account olarak var olur.
Örneğin, Solana üzerindeki USD Coin (USDC) dijital doları
EPjFWdd5AufqSSqeM2qN1xzybapC8G4wEGGkZwyTDt1v
mint adresine sahiptir. Bu mint
adresi, tüm Solana ekosisteminde USD Coin'in benzersiz tanımlayıcısı olarak
işlev görür. Bu mint hesabı hakkındaki detayları
Solana Explorer'da
görüntüleyebilirsiniz.
Mint Account Nasıl Oluşturulur
Mint Account oluşturmak için
InitializeMint
talimatını çağırın. Bu talimatın uygulamalarını
burada
bulabilirsiniz.
Mint account oluşturmak için işlem iki talimat gerektirir:
- Mint hesabı oluşturmak ve alan ayırmak için System Program'ı çağırın ve sahipliği Token Program'a aktarın.
- Mint hesap verilerini başlatmak için Token Program'ı çağırın.
Typescript
import {airdropFactory,appendTransactionMessageInstructions,createSolanaRpc,createSolanaRpcSubscriptions,createTransactionMessage,generateKeyPairSigner,getSignatureFromTransaction,lamports,pipe,sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory,setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner,setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash,signTransactionMessageWithSigners} from "@solana/kit";import { getCreateAccountInstruction } from "@solana-program/system";import {getInitializeMintInstruction,getMintSize,TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS} from "@solana-program/token-2022";// Create Connection, local validator in this exampleconst rpc = createSolanaRpc("http://127.0.0.1:8899");const rpcSubscriptions = createSolanaRpcSubscriptions("ws://localhost:8900");// Generate keypairs for fee payerconst feePayer = await generateKeyPairSigner();// Fund fee payerawait airdropFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })({recipientAddress: feePayer.address,lamports: lamports(1_000_000_000n),commitment: "confirmed"});// Generate keypair to use as address of mintconst mint = await generateKeyPairSigner();// Get default mint account size (in bytes), no extensions enabledconst space = BigInt(getMintSize());// Get minimum balance for rent exemptionconst rent = await rpc.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(space).send();// Instruction to create new account for mint (token 2022 program)// Invokes the system programconst createAccountInstruction = getCreateAccountInstruction({payer: feePayer,newAccount: mint,lamports: rent,space,programAddress: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS});// Instruction to initialize mint account data// Invokes the token 2022 programconst initializeMintInstruction = getInitializeMintInstruction({mint: mint.address,decimals: 9,mintAuthority: feePayer.address});const instructions = [createAccountInstruction, initializeMintInstruction];// Get latest blockhash to include in transactionconst { value: latestBlockhash } = await rpc.getLatestBlockhash().send();// Create transaction messageconst transactionMessage = pipe(createTransactionMessage({ version: 0 }), // Create transaction message(tx) => setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner(feePayer, tx), // Set fee payer(tx) => setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash(latestBlockhash, tx), // Set transaction blockhash(tx) => appendTransactionMessageInstructions(instructions, tx) // Append instructions);// Sign transaction message with required signers (fee payer and mint keypair)const signedTransaction =await signTransactionMessageWithSigners(transactionMessage);// Send and confirm transactionawait sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })(signedTransaction,{ commitment: "confirmed" });// Get transaction signatureconst transactionSignature = getSignatureFromTransaction(signedTransaction);console.log("Mint Address:", mint.address);console.log("Transaction Signature:", transactionSignature);
Rust
use anyhow::Result;use solana_client::rpc_client::RpcClient;use solana_sdk::{commitment_config::CommitmentConfig,program_pack::Pack,signature::{Keypair, Signer},system_instruction::create_account,transaction::Transaction,};use spl_token_2022::{id as token_2022_program_id, instruction::initialize_mint, state::Mint};fn main() -> Result<()> {// Create connection to local validatorlet client = RpcClient::new_with_commitment(String::from("http://127.0.0.1:8899"),CommitmentConfig::confirmed(),);let recent_blockhash = client.get_latest_blockhash()?;// Generate a new keypair for the fee payerlet fee_payer = Keypair::new();// Airdrop 1 SOL to fee payerlet airdrop_signature = client.request_airdrop(&fee_payer.pubkey(), 1_000_000_000)?;client.confirm_transaction(&airdrop_signature)?;loop {let confirmed = client.confirm_transaction(&airdrop_signature)?;if confirmed {break;}}// Generate keypair to use as address of mintlet mint = Keypair::new();let mint_space = Mint::LEN;let rent = client.get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(mint_space)?;// Create account instruction for mintlet create_account_instruction = create_account(&fee_payer.pubkey(), // payer&mint.pubkey(), // mint addressrent, // rentmint_space as u64, // space&token_2022_program_id(), // program id);// Initialize mint account datalet initialize_mint_instruction = initialize_mint(&token_2022_program_id(), // program id&mint.pubkey(), // mint address&fee_payer.pubkey(), // mint authoritySome(&fee_payer.pubkey()),// freeze authority9, // decimals)?;// Create transaction and add instructionslet transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(&[create_account_instruction, initialize_mint_instruction],Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),&[&fee_payer, &mint],recent_blockhash,);// Send and confirm transactionlet transaction_signature = client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction)?;println!("Mint Address: {}", mint.pubkey());println!("Transaction Signature: {}", transaction_signature);Ok(())}
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