Solana DokümantasyonuSolana'daki tokenlerUzantılar

Memo transferi

MemoTransferExtension nasıl etkinleştirilir

MemoTransferExtension, etkinleştirildiğinde bir token hesabına gelen tüm token transferlerinin beraberinde bir memo içermesini gerektirir. Bu uzantı, token hesabı sahibi tarafından etkinleştirilebilir veya devre dışı bırakılabilir.

Typescript

import {

  airdropFactory,

  appendTransactionMessageInstructions,

  createSolanaRpc,

  createSolanaRpcSubscriptions,

  createTransactionMessage,

  generateKeyPairSigner,

  getSignatureFromTransaction,

  lamports,

  pipe,

  sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory,

  setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner,

  setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash,

  signTransactionMessageWithSigners

} from "@solana/kit";

import { getCreateAccountInstruction } from "@solana-program/system";

import {

  getInitializeMintInstruction,

  getMintSize,

  TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS,

  extension,

  getTokenSize,

  findAssociatedTokenPda,

  getCreateAssociatedTokenInstructionAsync,

  getEnableMemoTransfersInstruction,

  getInitializeAccountInstruction,

  getMintToInstruction,

  getTransferCheckedInstruction

} from "@solana-program/token-2022";

import { getAddMemoInstruction } from "@solana-program/memo";



// Create Connection, local validator in this example

const rpc = createSolanaRpc("http://localhost:8899");

const rpcSubscriptions = createSolanaRpcSubscriptions("ws://localhost:8900");



// Generate the authority for the mint, (will also act as the fee payer)

const authority = await generateKeyPairSigner();



// Fund authority/fee payer

await airdropFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })({

  recipientAddress: authority.address,

  lamports: lamports(5_000_000_000n), // 5 SOL

  commitment: "confirmed"

});



// Generate keypair to use as address of mint

const mint = await generateKeyPairSigner();



// Get default mint account size (in bytes),

const space = BigInt(getMintSize());



// Get minimum balance for rent exemption

const rent = await rpc.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(space).send();



// Get latest blockhash to include in transaction

const { value: latestBlockhash } = await rpc.getLatestBlockhash().send();



// Instruction to create new account for mint (token program)

// Invokes the system program

const createMintAccountInstruction = getCreateAccountInstruction({

  payer: authority,

  newAccount: mint,

  lamports: rent,

  space,

  programAddress: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS

});



// Instruction to initialize mint account data

// Invokes the token22 program

const initializeMintInstruction = getInitializeMintInstruction({

  mint: mint.address,

  decimals: 9,

  mintAuthority: authority.address

});



// Use findAssociatedTokenPda to derive the ATA address

const [associatedTokenAddress] = await findAssociatedTokenPda({

  mint: mint.address,

  owner: authority.address,

  tokenProgram: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS

});



// instruction to create the associated token account for the authority

const createAtaInstruction = await getCreateAssociatedTokenInstructionAsync({

  payer: authority,

  mint: mint.address,

  owner: authority.address

});



// Create instruction to mint tokens

const mintToInstruction = getMintToInstruction({

  mint: mint.address,

  token: associatedTokenAddress,

  mintAuthority: authority.address,

  amount: 1000_000_000_000n // 1000.0 tokens with 9 decimals

});



// Generate keypair to use as address of token account

const tokenAccount = await generateKeyPairSigner();



// memo transfer extension.

const memoTransferExtension = extension("MemoTransfer", {

  requireIncomingTransferMemos: true

});



// get token account size with extension enabled

const tokenAccountLen = BigInt(getTokenSize([memoTransferExtension]));



// Get minimum balance for rent exemption

const tokenAccountRent = await rpc

  .getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(tokenAccountLen)

  .send();



// Instruction to create new account for the token account

// Invokes the system program

const createTokenAccountInstruction = getCreateAccountInstruction({

  payer: authority,

  newAccount: tokenAccount,

  lamports: tokenAccountRent,

  space: tokenAccountLen,

  programAddress: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS

});



// Instruction to initialize the created token account

const initializeTokenAccountInstruction = getInitializeAccountInstruction({

  account: tokenAccount.address,

  mint: mint.address,

  owner: authority.address

});



// create instruction to enable the MemoTransferExtension

const enableMemoTransferExtensionInstruction =

  getEnableMemoTransfersInstruction({

    token: tokenAccount.address,

    owner: authority

  });



const instructions = [

  createMintAccountInstruction,

  initializeMintInstruction,

  createAtaInstruction,

  mintToInstruction,

  createTokenAccountInstruction,

  initializeTokenAccountInstruction,

  enableMemoTransferExtensionInstruction

];



// Create transaction message

const transactionMessage = pipe(

  createTransactionMessage({ version: 0 }),

  (tx) => setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner(authority, tx),

  (tx) => setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash(latestBlockhash, tx),

  (tx) => appendTransactionMessageInstructions(instructions, tx)

);



// Sign transaction message with all required signers

const signedTransaction =

  await signTransactionMessageWithSigners(transactionMessage);



// Send and confirm transaction

await sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })(

  signedTransaction,

  { commitment: "confirmed", skipPreflight: true }

);



// // Get transaction signature

const transactionSignature = getSignatureFromTransaction(signedTransaction);



console.log("Mint Address:", mint.address.toString());

console.log("Transaction Signature:", transactionSignature);



// Get a fresh blockhash for the transfer with memo enabled

const { value: latestBlockhash2 } = await rpc.getLatestBlockhash().send();



// construct memo instruction

const transferMemoInstruction = getAddMemoInstruction({

  memo: "This transfer requires a memo to accompany it"

});



// create transfer insruction

const transferInstruction = getTransferCheckedInstruction({

  source: associatedTokenAddress,

  mint: mint.address,

  destination: tokenAccount.address,

  authority: authority,

  amount: 1_000_000_000,

  decimals: 9

});



// construct transaction message for transfer

const transferMessage = pipe(

  createTransactionMessage({ version: 0 }),

  (tx) => setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner(authority, tx),

  (tx) => setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash(latestBlockhash2, tx),

  (tx) =>

    appendTransactionMessageInstructions(

      [transferMemoInstruction, transferInstruction],

      tx

    )

);



// Sign transaction message with all required signers

const signedTransferTx =

  await signTransactionMessageWithSigners(transferMessage);



// Send and confirm transaction

await sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })(

  signedTransferTx,

  { commitment: "confirmed" }

);



// Get transaction signature

const transferTxSig = getSignatureFromTransaction(signedTransferTx);



console.log("\nTransferred tokens with memo ix enabled");

console.log("Transaction Signature:", transferTxSig);
Console
Click to execute the code.

Rust

use anyhow::Result;

use solana_client::nonblocking::rpc_client::RpcClient;

use solana_sdk::{

  commitment_config::CommitmentConfig,

  program_pack::Pack,

  signature::{Keypair, Signer},

  system_instruction::create_account,

  transaction::Transaction,

};

use spl_associated_token_account::{

  get_associated_token_address_with_program_id, instruction::create_associated_token_account,

};

use spl_memo::build_memo;

use spl_token_2022::{

  ID as TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,

  extension::{ExtensionType, memo_transfer::instruction::enable_required_transfer_memos},

  instruction::{initialize_account, initialize_mint, mint_to, transfer_checked},

  state::{Account, Mint},

};



#[tokio::main]

async fn main() -> Result<()> {

  // Create connection to local validator

  let client = RpcClient::new_with_commitment(

    String::from("http://localhost:8899"),

    CommitmentConfig::confirmed(),

  );

  let latest_blockhash = client.get_latest_blockhash().await?;



  // Generate a new keypair for the fee payer

  let fee_payer = Keypair::new();



  // Airdrop 5 SOL to fee payer

  let airdrop_signature = client

    .request_airdrop(&fee_payer.pubkey(), 5_000_000_000)

    .await?;

  client.confirm_transaction(&airdrop_signature).await?;



  loop {

    let confirmed = client.confirm_transaction(&airdrop_signature).await?;

    if confirmed {

      break;

    }

  }



  // Generate keypair to use as address of mint

  let mint = Keypair::new();



  // Get default mint account size (in bytes), no extensions enabled

  let mint_space = Mint::LEN;

  let mint_rent = client

    .get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(mint_space)

    .await?;



  // Instruction to create new account for mint (token22)

  let create_mint_account_instruction = create_account(

    &fee_payer.pubkey(),    // payer

    &mint.pubkey(),         // new account (mint)

    mint_rent,              // lamports

    mint_space as u64,      // space

    &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // program id

  );



  // Instruction to initialize mint account data

  let initialize_mint_instruction = initialize_mint(

    &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,    // program id

    &mint.pubkey(),            // mint

    &fee_payer.pubkey(),       // mint authority

    Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()), // freeze authority

    9,                         // decimals

  )?;



  // Calculate the associated token account address for fee_payer

  let associated_token_address = get_associated_token_address_with_program_id(

    &fee_payer.pubkey(),    // owner

    &mint.pubkey(),         // mint

    &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // program_id

  );



  // Instruction to create associated token account

  let create_ata_instruction = create_associated_token_account(

    &fee_payer.pubkey(),    // funding address

    &fee_payer.pubkey(),    // wallet address

    &mint.pubkey(),         // mint address

    &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // program id

  );



  // Amount of tokens to mint (1000 tokens with 9 decimals)

  let amount = 1000_000_000_000;



  // Create mint_to instruction to mint tokens to the associated token account

  let mint_to_instruction = mint_to(

    &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,    // program_id

    &mint.pubkey(),            // mint

    &associated_token_address, // destination

    &fee_payer.pubkey(),       // authority

    &[&fee_payer.pubkey()],    // signer

    amount,                    // amount

  )?;



  // Generate keypair to use as address of token account

  let token_account = Keypair::new();



  // Get default token account size (in bytes), with memo transfer extension enabled

  let token_account_space =

    ExtensionType::try_calculate_account_len::<Account>(&[ExtensionType::MemoTransfer])?;



  let token_account_rent = client

    .get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(token_account_space)

    .await?;



  // Instruction to create new account for token account (token22)

  let create_token_account_instruction = create_account(

    &fee_payer.pubkey(),        // payer

    &token_account.pubkey(),    // new account (token account)

    token_account_rent,         // rent

    token_account_space as u64, // space

    &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,     // program id

  );



  // initialize token account

  let initialize_token_account = initialize_account(

    &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,  // program_id

    &token_account.pubkey(), // token account

    &mint.pubkey(),          //  mint

    &fee_payer.pubkey(),     // authority

  )?;



  // enable memo transfer extension

  let enable_memo_transfer_instruction = enable_required_transfer_memos(

    &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,  // program_id

    &token_account.pubkey(), // token account

    &fee_payer.pubkey(),     //  authority

    &[&fee_payer.pubkey()],  // authority

  )?;



  // Construct transaction with previous instructions

  let transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(

    &[

      create_mint_account_instruction,

      initialize_mint_instruction,

      create_ata_instruction,

      mint_to_instruction,

      create_token_account_instruction,

      initialize_token_account,

      enable_memo_transfer_instruction,

    ],

    Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),

    &[&fee_payer, &mint, &token_account],

    latest_blockhash,

  );



  // Send and confirm transaction

  let transaction_signature = client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction).await?;



  println!("Mint Address: {}", mint.pubkey());

  println!(

    "Associated Token Account Address: {}",

    associated_token_address

  );

  println!(

    "token account with memo transfer enabled: {}",

    token_account.pubkey()

  );



  println!("\nSuccessfully enabled memo transfer extension on token account");

  println!("Transaction Signature: {}", transaction_signature);



  // Get the latest blockhash for the approve transaction

  let latest_blockhash = client.get_latest_blockhash().await?;



  // Create transfer_checked instruction to send tokens from source to destination

  let transfer_instruction = transfer_checked(

    &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,    // program id

    &associated_token_address, // source

    &mint.pubkey(),            // mint

    &token_account.pubkey(),   // destination

    &fee_payer.pubkey(),       // owner of source

    &[&fee_payer.pubkey()],    // signers

    1_000_000_000,             // amount

    9,                         // decimals

  )?;



  let memo = String::from("This transfer requires a memo to accompany it");

  let memo_instruction = build_memo(memo.as_bytes(), &[&fee_payer.pubkey()]);



  // Create transaction for approving delegate

  let transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(

    &[memo_instruction, transfer_instruction],

    Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),

    &[&fee_payer],

    latest_blockhash,

  );



  // Send and confirm transaction

  let transaction_signature = client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction).await?;



  println!("\nSuccessfully transferred tokens with memo transfer extension enabled");

  println!("Transaction Signature: {}", transaction_signature);



  Ok(())

}
Console
Click to execute the code.

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