Solana DokümantasyonuSolana'daki tokenlerUzantılar

Memo transferi

MemoTransferExtension nasıl etkinleştirilir

MemoTransferExtension, bir token account üzerinde etkinleştirildiğinde, gelen tüm token transferlerinin beraberinde bir memo içermesini gerektirir. Bu uzantı, token account sahibi tarafından etkinleştirilebilir veya devre dışı bırakılabilir.

Typescript

import {

  airdropFactory,

  appendTransactionMessageInstructions,

  createSolanaRpc,

  createSolanaRpcSubscriptions,

  createTransactionMessage,

  generateKeyPairSigner,

  getSignatureFromTransaction,

  lamports,

  pipe,

  sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory,

  setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner,

  setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash,

  signTransactionMessageWithSigners

} from "@solana/kit";

import { getCreateAccountInstruction } from "@solana-program/system";

import {

  getInitializeMintInstruction,

  getMintSize,

  TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS,

  extension,

  getTokenSize,

  findAssociatedTokenPda,

  getCreateAssociatedTokenInstructionAsync,

  getEnableMemoTransfersInstruction,

  getInitializeAccountInstruction,

  getMintToInstruction,

  getTransferCheckedInstruction

} from "@solana-program/token-2022";

import { getAddMemoInstruction } from "@solana-program/memo";



// Create Connection, local validator in this example

const rpc = createSolanaRpc("http://localhost:8899");

const rpcSubscriptions = createSolanaRpcSubscriptions("ws://localhost:8900");



// Generate the authority for the mint, (will also act as the fee payer)

const authority = await generateKeyPairSigner();



// Fund authority/fee payer

await airdropFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })({

  recipientAddress: authority.address,

  lamports: lamports(5_000_000_000n), // 5 SOL

  commitment: "confirmed"

});



// Generate keypair to use as address of mint

const mint = await generateKeyPairSigner();



// Get default mint account size (in bytes),

const space = BigInt(getMintSize());



// Get minimum balance for rent exemption

const rent = await rpc.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(space).send();



// Get latest blockhash to include in transaction

const { value: latestBlockhash } = await rpc.getLatestBlockhash().send();



// Instruction to create new account for mint (token program)

// Invokes the system program

const createMintAccountInstruction = getCreateAccountInstruction({

  payer: authority,

  newAccount: mint,

  lamports: rent,

  space,

  programAddress: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS

});



// Instruction to initialize mint account data

// Invokes the token22 program

const initializeMintInstruction = getInitializeMintInstruction({

  mint: mint.address,

  decimals: 9,

  mintAuthority: authority.address

});



// Use findAssociatedTokenPda to derive the ATA address

const [associatedTokenAddress] = await findAssociatedTokenPda({

  mint: mint.address,

  owner: authority.address,

  tokenProgram: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS

});



// instruction to create the associated token account for the authority

const createAtaInstruction = await getCreateAssociatedTokenInstructionAsync({

  payer: authority,

  mint: mint.address,

  owner: authority.address

});



// Create instruction to mint tokens

const mintToInstruction = getMintToInstruction({

  mint: mint.address,

  token: associatedTokenAddress,

  mintAuthority: authority.address,

  amount: 1000_000_000_000n // 1000.0 tokens with 9 decimals

});



// Generate keypair to use as address of token account

const tokenAccount = await generateKeyPairSigner();



// memo transfer extension.

const memoTransferExtension = extension("MemoTransfer", {

  requireIncomingTransferMemos: true

});



// get token account size with extension enabled

const tokenAccountLen = BigInt(getTokenSize([memoTransferExtension]));



// Get minimum balance for rent exemption

const tokenAccountRent = await rpc

  .getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(tokenAccountLen)

  .send();



// Instruction to create new account for the token account

// Invokes the system program

const createTokenAccountInstruction = getCreateAccountInstruction({

  payer: authority,

  newAccount: tokenAccount,

  lamports: tokenAccountRent,

  space: tokenAccountLen,

  programAddress: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS

});



// Instruction to initialize the created token account

const initializeTokenAccountInstruction = getInitializeAccountInstruction({

  account: tokenAccount.address,

  mint: mint.address,

  owner: authority.address

});



// create instruction to enable the MemoTransferExtension

const enableMemoTransferExtensionInstruction =

  getEnableMemoTransfersInstruction({

    token: tokenAccount.address,

    owner: authority

  });



const instructions = [

  createMintAccountInstruction,

  initializeMintInstruction,

  createAtaInstruction,

  mintToInstruction,

  createTokenAccountInstruction,

  initializeTokenAccountInstruction,

  enableMemoTransferExtensionInstruction

];



// Create transaction message

const transactionMessage = pipe(

  createTransactionMessage({ version: 0 }),

  (tx) => setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner(authority, tx),

  (tx) => setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash(latestBlockhash, tx),

  (tx) => appendTransactionMessageInstructions(instructions, tx)

);



// Sign transaction message with all required signers

const signedTransaction =

  await signTransactionMessageWithSigners(transactionMessage);



// Send and confirm transaction

await sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })(

  signedTransaction,

  { commitment: "confirmed", skipPreflight: true }

);



// // Get transaction signature

const transactionSignature = getSignatureFromTransaction(signedTransaction);



console.log("Mint Address:", mint.address.toString());

console.log("Transaction Signature:", transactionSignature);



// Get a fresh blockhash for the transfer with memo enabled

const { value: latestBlockhash2 } = await rpc.getLatestBlockhash().send();



// construct memo instruction

const transferMemoInstruction = getAddMemoInstruction({

  memo: "This transfer requires a memo to accompany it"

});



// create transfer insruction

const transferInstruction = getTransferCheckedInstruction({

  source: associatedTokenAddress,

  mint: mint.address,

  destination: tokenAccount.address,

  authority: authority,

  amount: 1_000_000_000,

  decimals: 9

});



// construct transaction message for transfer

const transferMessage = pipe(

  createTransactionMessage({ version: 0 }),

  (tx) => setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner(authority, tx),

  (tx) => setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash(latestBlockhash2, tx),

  (tx) =>

    appendTransactionMessageInstructions(

      [transferMemoInstruction, transferInstruction],

      tx

    )

);



// Sign transaction message with all required signers

const signedTransferTx =

  await signTransactionMessageWithSigners(transferMessage);



// Send and confirm transaction

await sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })(

  signedTransferTx,

  { commitment: "confirmed" }

);



// Get transaction signature

const transferTxSig = getSignatureFromTransaction(signedTransferTx);



console.log("\nTransferred tokens with memo ix enabled");

console.log("Transaction Signature:", transferTxSig);
Console
Click to execute the code.

Rust

Rust
use anyhow::Result;

use solana_client::{nonblocking::rpc_client::RpcClient, rpc_config::RpcTransactionConfig};

use solana_commitment_config::CommitmentConfig;

use solana_sdk::{

    program_pack::Pack,

    signature::{Keypair, Signer},

    transaction::Transaction,

};

use solana_system_interface::instruction::create_account;

use solana_transaction_status_client_types::{

    option_serializer::OptionSerializer, UiTransactionEncoding,

};

use spl_associated_token_account_interface::{

    address::get_associated_token_address_with_program_id,

    instruction::create_associated_token_account,

};

use spl_memo_interface::{instruction::build_memo, v3::ID as MEMO_PROGRAM_ID};

use spl_token_2022_interface::{

    extension::{

        memo_transfer::{instruction::enable_required_transfer_memos, MemoTransfer},

        BaseStateWithExtensions, ExtensionType, StateWithExtensions,

    },

    instruction::{initialize_account, initialize_mint, mint_to, transfer_checked},

    state::{Account, Mint},

    ID as TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,

};



#[tokio::main]

async fn main() -> Result<()> {

    // Create connection to local validator

    let client = RpcClient::new_with_commitment(

        String::from("http://localhost:8899"),

        CommitmentConfig::confirmed(),

    );

    let latest_blockhash = client.get_latest_blockhash().await?;



    // Generate a new keypair for the fee payer

    let fee_payer = Keypair::new();



    // Airdrop 5 SOL to fee payer

    let airdrop_signature = client

        .request_airdrop(&fee_payer.pubkey(), 5_000_000_000)

        .await?;



    loop {

        let confirmed = client.confirm_transaction(&airdrop_signature).await?;

        if confirmed {

            break;

        }

    }



    // Generate keypair to use as address of mint

    let mint = Keypair::new();



    // Get default mint account size (in bytes), no extensions enabled

    let mint_space = Mint::LEN;

    let mint_rent = client

        .get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(mint_space)

        .await?;



    // Instruction to create new account for mint (token22)

    let create_mint_account_instruction = create_account(

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),    // payer

        &mint.pubkey(),         // new account (mint)

        mint_rent,              // lamports

        mint_space as u64,      // space

        &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // program id

    );



    // Instruction to initialize mint account data

    let initialize_mint_instruction = initialize_mint(

        &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,    // program id

        &mint.pubkey(),            // mint

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),       // mint authority

        Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()), // freeze authority

        9,                         // decimals

    )?;



    // Calculate the associated token account address for fee_payer

    let associated_token_address = get_associated_token_address_with_program_id(

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),    // owner

        &mint.pubkey(),         // mint

        &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // program_id

    );



    // Instruction to create associated token account

    let create_ata_instruction = create_associated_token_account(

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),    // funding address

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),    // wallet address

        &mint.pubkey(),         // mint address

        &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // program id

    );



    // Amount of tokens to mint (100 tokens with 9 decimals)

    let amount = 100_000_000_000;



    // Create mint_to instruction to mint tokens to the associated token account

    let mint_to_instruction = mint_to(

        &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,    // program_id

        &mint.pubkey(),            // mint

        &associated_token_address, // destination

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),       // authority

        &[&fee_payer.pubkey()],    // signer

        amount,                    // amount

    )?;



    // Generate keypair to use as address of token account

    let token_account = Keypair::new();



    // Get default token account size (in bytes), with memo transfer extension enabled

    let token_account_space =

        ExtensionType::try_calculate_account_len::<Account>(&[ExtensionType::MemoTransfer])?;



    let token_account_rent = client

        .get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(token_account_space)

        .await?;



    // Instruction to create new account for token account (token22)

    let create_token_account_instruction = create_account(

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),        // payer

        &token_account.pubkey(),    // new account (token account)

        token_account_rent,         // rent

        token_account_space as u64, // space

        &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,     // program id

    );



    // initialize token account

    let initialize_token_account = initialize_account(

        &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,  // program_id

        &token_account.pubkey(), // token account

        &mint.pubkey(),          //  mint

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),     // authority

    )?;



    // enable memo transfer extension

    let enable_memo_transfer_instruction = enable_required_transfer_memos(

        &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,  // program_id

        &token_account.pubkey(), // token account

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),     //  authority

        &[&fee_payer.pubkey()],  // authority

    )?;



    // Construct transaction with previous instructions

    let transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(

        &[

            create_mint_account_instruction,

            initialize_mint_instruction,

            create_ata_instruction,

            mint_to_instruction,

            create_token_account_instruction,

            initialize_token_account,

            enable_memo_transfer_instruction,

        ],

        Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),

        &[&fee_payer, &mint, &token_account],

        latest_blockhash,

    );



    // Send and confirm transaction

    client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction).await?;



    println!(

        "Token Account with memo transfer enabled: {}",

        token_account.pubkey()

    );

    println!("\nSuccessfully enabled memo transfer extension on token account");



    // Fetch and deserialize the token account with memo transfer extension

    let token_account_data = client.get_account(&token_account.pubkey()).await?;

    let token_account_state = StateWithExtensions::<Account>::unpack(&token_account_data.data)?;



    // Get all extension types enabled on this token account

    let extension_types = token_account_state.get_extension_types()?;

    println!("\nToken Account Extensions enabled: {:?}", extension_types);



    // Deserialize the MemoTransfer extension data

    let memo_transfer = token_account_state.get_extension::<MemoTransfer>()?;

    println!("\n{:#?}", memo_transfer);



    // Create transfer_checked instruction to send tokens from source to destination

    let transfer_instruction = transfer_checked(

        &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,    // program id

        &associated_token_address, // source

        &mint.pubkey(),            // mint

        &token_account.pubkey(),   // destination

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),       // owner of source

        &[&fee_payer.pubkey()],    // signers

        1_000_000_000,             // amount

        9,                         // decimals

    )?;



    let memo = String::from("This transfer requires a memo to accompany it");

    let memo_instruction = build_memo(&MEMO_PROGRAM_ID, memo.as_bytes(), &[&fee_payer.pubkey()]);



    // Create transaction for approving delegate

    let transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(

        &[memo_instruction, transfer_instruction],

        Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),

        &[&fee_payer],

        latest_blockhash,

    );



    // Send and confirm transaction

    let transaction_signature = client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction).await?;



    println!("\nSuccessfully transferred tokens with memo transfer extension enabled");

    println!("Transaction Signature: {}", transaction_signature);



    // Fetch the transfer transaction details

    let transfer_transaction_details = client

        .get_transaction_with_config(

            &transaction_signature,

            RpcTransactionConfig {

                encoding: Some(UiTransactionEncoding::Json),

                commitment: Some(CommitmentConfig::confirmed()),

                max_supported_transaction_version: Some(0),

            },

        )

        .await?;



    // Log transfer transaction logs

    if let Some(meta) = transfer_transaction_details.transaction.meta {

        if let OptionSerializer::Some(log_messages) = meta.log_messages {

            println!("\nTransaction Logs:");

            for log in log_messages {

                println!("  {}", log);

            }

        }

    }



    Ok(())

}
Console
Click to execute the code.

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