时间与系统变量

时间操作

warp_to_slot

pub fn warp_to_slot(&mut self, slot: u64)

跳转到特定 slot。仅支持向前的时间跳转。

// Get current slot
let clock: Clock = svm.get_sysvar();
let current_slot = clock.slot;

// Jump forward 100 slots
svm.warp_to_slot(current_slot + 100);

// Verify
let new_clock: Clock = svm.get_sysvar();
assert_eq!(new_clock.slot, current_slot + 100);

手动时钟操作

use solana_sdk::clock::Clock;

// Read clock
let mut clock: Clock = svm.get_sysvar();

// Modify fields
clock.slot = 1000;
clock.epoch = 10;
clock.unix_timestamp = 1735689600;

// Write back
svm.set_sysvar(&clock);

大多数时间操作请使用 warp_to_slot()。仅在需要精确控制多个字段时，才使用手动时钟修改。

系统变量

get_sysvar

pub fn get_sysvar<T: Sysvar>(&self) -> T

读取系统变量值。

use solana_sdk::clock::Clock;
use solana_sdk::rent::Rent;
use solana_sdk::epoch_schedule::EpochSchedule;

let clock: Clock = svm.get_sysvar();
let rent: Rent = svm.get_sysvar();
let epoch_schedule: EpochSchedule = svm.get_sysvar();

set_sysvar

pub fn set_sysvar<T: Sysvar>(&mut self, sysvar: &T)

写入系统变量值。

use solana_sdk::rent::Rent;

let rent = Rent {
    lamports_per_byte_year: 3480,
    exemption_threshold: 2.0,
    burn_percent: 50,
};

svm.set_sysvar(&rent);

常用系统变量

时钟

use solana_sdk::clock::Clock;

let clock: Clock = svm.get_sysvar();
println!("Slot: {}", clock.slot);
println!("Timestamp: {}", clock.unix_timestamp);
println!("Epoch: {}", clock.epoch);

Rent

use solana_sdk::rent::Rent;

let rent: Rent = svm.get_sysvar();
let min_balance = rent.minimum_balance(data_len);

Epoch 计划

use solana_sdk::epoch_schedule::EpochSchedule;

let schedule: EpochSchedule = svm.get_sysvar();
println!("Slots per epoch: {}", schedule.slots_per_epoch);

质押历史

use solana_sdk::stake_history::{StakeHistory, StakeHistoryEntry};

let mut stake_history = StakeHistory::default();
stake_history.add(
    0, // epoch
    StakeHistoryEntry {
        effective: 1_000_000,
        activating: 0,
        deactivating: 0,
    },
);

svm.set_sysvar(&stake_history);

基于时间的测试模式

测试基于 slot 的功能

let mut svm = LiteSVM::new();

// Get starting slot
let start_slot = svm.get_sysvar::<Clock>().slot;

// Try action before unlock slot (should fail)
let result = call_locked_program(&mut svm);
assert!(result.is_err());

// Warp to unlock slot
svm.warp_to_slot(start_slot + 1000);

// Now it should succeed
let result = call_locked_program(&mut svm);
assert!(result.is_ok());

测试基于时间戳的功能

let mut svm = LiteSVM::new();

// Get current timestamp
let clock: Clock = svm.get_sysvar();
let current_time = clock.unix_timestamp;

// Warp forward 1 hour (3600 seconds)
// Slots roughly correspond to ~0.4 seconds on Solana
let target_slot = clock.slot + (3600.0 / 0.4) as u64;
svm.warp_to_slot(target_slot);

// Verify timestamp increased
let new_clock: Clock = svm.get_sysvar();
assert!(new_clock.unix_timestamp >= current_time + 3600);

测试归属计划

// Setup vesting with 100 slot period
let vesting_period = 100;
let start_slot = svm.get_sysvar::<Clock>().slot;

// Test before vesting completes
let result = claim_vested_tokens(&mut svm);
assert!(result.is_err()); // Too early

// Warp past vesting period
svm.warp_to_slot(start_slot + vesting_period + 1);

// Now claim should succeed
let result = claim_vested_tokens(&mut svm);
assert!(result.is_ok());

常见使用场景

归属计划
时间锁定提款
质押/取消质押冷却期
拍卖结束时间
租赁期限
基于 epoch 的奖励

重要说明

仅向前推进 - 时间只能向前跳转，不能向后回退
slot 与时间的对应关系 - 在 Solana 主网上，每个 slot 大约对应 ~0.4 秒
时钟系统变量 - 使用 warp_to_slot() 时始终会更新
无自动更新 - 与真实的 validator 不同，时间不会在交易之间自动推进

Table of Contents