تحويل الرموز

ما الذي يفعله نقل الرموز؟

نقل الرموز ينقل الرموز من حساب رموز إلى حساب رموز آخر لنفس النعناع.

عمليات النقل لا تغير من إمداد النعناع. عمليات النقل تحدّث فقط الأرصدة بين حسابات الرموز.

كيفية نقل الرموز

نقل الرموز يستخدم تعليمة Transfer أو TransferChecked من Token Program.

الأمثلة أدناه تستخدم TransferChecked، التي تتطلب من المستدعي تقديم النعناع والكسور العشرية حتى تتمكن التعليمة من التحقق من النعناع المتوقع ودقة الرمز قبل نقل الرموز بين الحسابات.

في Token Extensions Program، تم إهمال Transfer لصالح TransferChecked أو TransferCheckedWithFee.

مالك الحساب المصدر أو مفوض معتمد يوقّع على النقل. في Token Extensions Program، يمكن أيضًا لمفوض دائم للنعناع أن يصرّح بالنقل إذا كان النعناع قد فعّل ملحق المفوض الدائم.

مرجع المصدر

العنصرالوصفToken ProgramToken Extensions Program
Accountتخزّن حالة token account الأرصدة المحدثة بواسطة عملية النقل.المصدرالمصدر
Transferتعليمة نقل تنقل الرموز بين حسابات الرموز دون أن تتطلب من المستدعي تقديم النعناع أو الكسور العشرية. في Token Extensions Program، استخدم TransferChecked بدلاً من ذلك.المصدرالمصدر
TransferCheckedتعليمة نقل تتطلب من المستدعي تقديم النعناع والكسور العشرية وتفحص هذه القيم قبل نقل الرموز بين حسابات الرموز لنفس النعناع.المصدرالمصدر
process_transferمنطق معالج مشترك لعمليات نقل الرموز.المصدرالمصدر

Typescript

توضح الأمثلة أدناه باستخدام Kit الطريقة الموصى بها باستخدام @solana/kit. تم تضمين الأمثلة القديمة باستخدام @solana/web3.js للرجوع إليها.

Kit

import { generateKeyPairSigner } from "@solana/kit";
import { createLocalClient } from "@solana/kit-client-rpc";
import {
findAssociatedTokenPda,
tokenProgram,
TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS
} from "@solana-program/token";
const client = await createLocalClient()
.use(tokenProgram());
const mint = await generateKeyPairSigner();
const recipient = await generateKeyPairSigner();
const result = await client.token.instructions
.transferToATA({
mint: mint.address, // Mint for the token being transferred.
authority: client.payer, // Owner or delegate approving the transfer.
recipient: recipient.address, // Account that owns the destination token account.
amount: 25n, // Token amount in base units.
decimals: 2 // Decimals defined on the mint account.
})
.sendTransaction();
const [sourceTokenAccount] = await findAssociatedTokenPda({
mint: mint.address,
owner: client.payer.address,
tokenProgram: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS
});
const [destinationTokenAccount] = await findAssociatedTokenPda({
mint: mint.address,
owner: recipient.address,
tokenProgram: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS
});
const [sourceTokenAccountData, destinationTokenAccountData] =
await client.token.accounts.token.fetchAll([
sourceTokenAccount,
destinationTokenAccount
]);
console.log("Mint Address:", mint.address);
console.log("\nSource Token Account Address:", sourceTokenAccount);
console.log("Source Token Account:", sourceTokenAccountData.data);
console.log("\nDestination Token Account Address:", destinationTokenAccount);
console.log("Destination Token Account:", destinationTokenAccountData.data);
console.log("\nTransaction Signature:", result.context.signature);
Console
Click to execute the code.

Web3.js

import { Connection, Keypair, LAMPORTS_PER_SOL } from "@solana/web3.js";
import {
createAssociatedTokenAccount,
createMint,
getAccount,
mintToChecked,
TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID,
transferChecked
} from "@solana/spl-token";
const result = await transferChecked(
connection, // Connection to the local validator.
feePayer, // Account paying transaction fees.
feePayerATA, // Token account sending the tokens.
mintPubkey, // Mint for the token being transferred.
recipientATA, // Token account receiving the tokens.
feePayer, // Owner or delegate approving the transfer.
25, // Token amount in base units.
2, // Decimals defined on the mint account.
[], // Additional multisig signers.
{
commitment: "confirmed" // Confirmation options for the transaction.
},
TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID // Token program to invoke.
);
const senderTokenAccount = await getAccount(
connection,
feePayerATA,
"confirmed",
TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID
);
const recipientTokenAccount = await getAccount(
connection,
recipientATA,
"confirmed",
TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID
);
console.log("Mint Address:", mintPubkey.toBase58());
console.log("\nSource Token Account Address:", feePayerATA.toBase58());
console.log("Source Token Account:", senderTokenAccount);
console.log("\nDestination Token Account Address:", recipientATA.toBase58());
console.log("Destination Token Account:", recipientTokenAccount);
console.log("\nTransaction Signature:", result);
Console
Click to execute the code.

Rust

Rust
use anyhow::Result;
use solana_client::nonblocking::rpc_client::RpcClient;
use solana_commitment_config::CommitmentConfig;
use solana_sdk::{
program_pack::Pack,
signature::{Keypair, Signer},
transaction::Transaction,
};
use solana_system_interface::instruction::create_account;
use spl_associated_token_account_interface::{
address::get_associated_token_address, instruction::create_associated_token_account,
};
use spl_token_interface::{
id as token_program_id,
instruction::{initialize_mint, mint_to_checked, transfer_checked},
state::{Account, Mint},
};
#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<()> {
let client = RpcClient::new_with_commitment(
String::from("http://localhost:8899"),
CommitmentConfig::confirmed(),
);
let recipient = Keypair::new();
let transfer_amount = 25;
let transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(
&[
transfer_checked(
&token_program_id(), // Token program to invoke.
&source_token_address, // Token account sending the tokens.
&mint.pubkey(), // Mint for the token being transferred.
&destination_token_address, // Token account receiving the tokens.
&fee_payer.pubkey(), // Owner or delegate approving the transfer.
&[], // Additional multisig signers.
transfer_amount, // Token amount in base units.
decimals, // Decimals defined on the mint account.
)?,
],
Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),
&[&fee_payer],
latest_blockhash,
);
let transaction_signature = client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction).await?;
let source_token_account = client.get_account(&source_token_address).await?;
let source_token_data = Account::unpack(&source_token_account.data)?;
let destination_token_account = client.get_account(&destination_token_address).await?;
let destination_token_data = Account::unpack(&destination_token_account.data)?;
println!("Mint Address: {}", mint.pubkey());
println!("\nSource Token Account Address: {}", source_token_address);
println!("Source Token Account: {:#?}", source_token_data);
println!(
"\nDestination Token Account Address: {}",
destination_token_address
);
println!("Destination Token Account: {:#?}", destination_token_data);
println!("\nTransaction Signature: {}", transaction_signature);
Ok(())
}
Console
Click to execute the code.

Python

Python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import asyncio
import json
from solana.rpc.async_api import AsyncClient
from solders.keypair import Keypair
from solders.message import Message
from solders.pubkey import Pubkey
from solders.system_program import create_account, CreateAccountParams
from solders.transaction import Transaction
from spl.token.async_client import AsyncToken
from spl.token.instructions import (
create_associated_token_account,
get_associated_token_address,
initialize_mint,
InitializeMintParams,
mint_to_checked,
MintToCheckedParams,
transfer_checked,
TransferCheckedParams,
)
from spl.token.constants import MINT_LEN, TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID
DECIMALS = 2
AMOUNT_TO_MINT = 100
AMOUNT_TO_TRANSFER = 25
async def main():
rpc = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")
receiver = Keypair()
async with rpc:
transfer_tokens_instruction = transfer_checked(
TransferCheckedParams(
program_id=TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID, # Token program to invoke.
source=source_token_account, # Token account sending the tokens.
mint=mint.pubkey(), # Mint for the token being transferred.
dest=destination_token_account, # Token account receiving the tokens.
owner=fee_payer.pubkey(), # Account that owns the source token account.
amount=AMOUNT_TO_TRANSFER, # Token amount in base units.
decimals=DECIMALS, # Decimals defined on the mint account.
)
)
latest_blockhash = await rpc.get_latest_blockhash()
transaction = Transaction(
[fee_payer],
Message([transfer_tokens_instruction], fee_payer.pubkey()),
latest_blockhash.value.blockhash,
)
result = await rpc.send_transaction(transaction)
source_token_account_info = await token.get_account_info(source_token_account)
destination_token_account_info = await token.get_account_info(destination_token_account)
source_account = {
key: str(value) if isinstance(value, Pubkey) else value
for key, value in source_token_account_info._asdict().items()
}
destination_account = {
key: str(value) if isinstance(value, Pubkey) else value
for key, value in destination_token_account_info._asdict().items()
}
print("Mint Address:", mint.pubkey())
print("\nSource Token Account Address:", source_token_account)
print("Source Token Account:")
print(json.dumps(source_account, indent=2))
print("\nDestination Token Account Address:", destination_token_account)
print("Destination Token Account:")
print(json.dumps(destination_account, indent=2))
print("\nTransaction Signature:", result.value)
if __name__ == "__main__":
asyncio.run(main())
Console
Click to execute the code.

Is this page helpful?

جدول المحتويات

تعديل الصفحة

تدار بواسطة

© 2026 مؤسسة سولانا.
جميع الحقوق محفوظة.
تواصل معنا