¿Qué Hace Aprobar un Delegado?
Aprobar un delegado permite que otra dirección transfiera o queme una cantidad limitada de tokens desde una token account en nombre del propietario de la cuenta de tokens.
Una token account almacena un delegado actual y una cantidad delegada a la vez. Aprobar un nuevo delegado reemplaza el delegado anterior y la cantidad autorizada en la cuenta.
Cómo Aprobar un Delegado
Aprobar un delegado utiliza la instrucción Approve o ApproveChecked
del Token Program.
Los ejemplos a continuación usan ApproveChecked, que requiere que el
llamador proporcione el mint y los decimales para que la instrucción pueda
verificar el mint esperado y la precisión del token antes de procesar la
aprobación.
El propietario de la token account firma la aprobación.
Referencia del Código Fuente
| Elemento | Descripción | Token Program | Token Extensions Program |
|---|---|---|---|
Account | El estado de la token account almacena el propietario, delegado y cantidad delegada. | Fuente | Fuente |
Approve | Una instrucción de aprobación de delegado que registra el delegado y la cantidad autorizada para una token account sin requerir que el llamador proporcione el mint o los decimales. | Fuente | Fuente |
ApproveChecked | Una instrucción de aprobación de delegado que requiere que el llamador proporcione el mint y los decimales y verifica esos valores antes de registrar el delegado y la cantidad autorizada. | Fuente | Fuente |
process_approve | Lógica compartida del procesador para la aprobación de delegado. | Fuente | Fuente |
Typescript
Los ejemplos de Kit a continuación muestran el enfoque recomendado usando
@solana/kit. Los ejemplos heredados que usan @solana/web3.js se incluyen
como referencia.
Kit
import { generateKeyPairSigner } from "@solana/kit";import { createLocalClient } from "@solana/kit-client-rpc";import {findAssociatedTokenPda,tokenProgram,TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS} from "@solana-program/token";const client = await createLocalClient().use(tokenProgram());const mint = await generateKeyPairSigner();const delegate = await generateKeyPairSigner();const [tokenAccount] = await findAssociatedTokenPda({mint: mint.address,owner: client.payer.address,tokenProgram: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS});const result = await client.token.instructions.approveChecked({source: tokenAccount, // Token account whose delegate approval changes.mint: mint.address, // Mint for the token the delegate may spend.delegate: delegate.address, // Delegate allowed to spend from the token account.owner: client.payer, // Owner approving this delegate change.amount: 25n, // Token amount in base units.decimals: 2 // Decimals defined on the mint account.}).sendTransaction();const tokenAccountData = await client.token.accounts.token.fetch(tokenAccount);console.log("Mint Address:", mint.address);console.log("\nToken Account Address:", tokenAccount);console.log("Token Account:", tokenAccountData.data);console.log("\nDelegate Address:", delegate.address);console.log("\nTransaction Signature:", result.context.signature);
Web3.js
import { Connection, Keypair, LAMPORTS_PER_SOL } from "@solana/web3.js";import {createAssociatedTokenAccount,approveChecked,createMint,getAccount,mintToChecked,TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID} from "@solana/spl-token";const result = await approveChecked(connection, // Connection to the local validator.feePayer, // Account paying transaction fees.mintPubkey, // Mint for the token the delegate may spend.associatedTokenAccount, // Token account whose delegate approval changes.delegate.publicKey, // Delegate allowed to spend from the token account.feePayer, // Owner approving this delegate change.25, // Token amount in base units.2, // Decimals defined on the mint account.[], // Additional multisig signers.{commitment: "confirmed" // Confirmation options for the transaction.},TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID // Token program to invoke.);const tokenAccountData = await getAccount(connection,associatedTokenAccount,"confirmed",TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID);console.log("Mint Address:", mintPubkey.toBase58());console.log("\nAssociated Token Account Address:",associatedTokenAccount.toBase58());console.log("Associated Token Account:", tokenAccountData);console.log("\nDelegate Address:", delegate.publicKey.toBase58());console.log("\nTransaction Signature:", result);
Rust
use anyhow::Result;use solana_client::nonblocking::rpc_client::RpcClient;use solana_commitment_config::CommitmentConfig;use solana_sdk::{program_pack::Pack,signature::{Keypair, Signer},transaction::Transaction,};use solana_system_interface::instruction::create_account;use spl_associated_token_account_interface::{address::get_associated_token_address, instruction::create_associated_token_account,};use spl_token_interface::{id as token_program_id,instruction::{approve_checked, initialize_mint, mint_to_checked},state::{Account, Mint},};#[tokio::main]async fn main() -> Result<()> {let client = RpcClient::new_with_commitment(String::from("http://localhost:8899"),CommitmentConfig::confirmed(),);let delegate = Keypair::new();let approve_amount = 25;let transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(&[approve_checked(&token_program_id(), // Token program to invoke.&associated_token_address, // Token account whose delegate approval changes.&mint.pubkey(), // Mint for the token the delegate may spend.&delegate.pubkey(), // Delegate allowed to spend from the token account.&fee_payer.pubkey(), // Owner approving this delegate change.&[], // Additional multisig signers.approve_amount, // Token amount in base units.decimals, // Decimals defined on the mint account.)?,],Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),&[&fee_payer],latest_blockhash,);let transaction_signature = client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction).await?;let token_account = client.get_account(&associated_token_address).await?;let token_data = Account::unpack(&token_account.data)?;println!("Mint Address: {}", mint.pubkey());println!("\nAssociated Token Account Address: {}",associated_token_address);println!("Associated Token Account: {:#?}", token_data);println!("\nDelegate Address: {}", delegate.pubkey());println!("\nTransaction Signature: {}", transaction_signature);Ok(())}
Python
#!/usr/bin/env python3import asyncioimport jsonfrom solana.rpc.async_api import AsyncClientfrom solders.keypair import Keypairfrom solders.message import Messagefrom solders.pubkey import Pubkeyfrom solders.system_program import create_account, CreateAccountParamsfrom solders.transaction import Transactionfrom spl.token.async_client import AsyncTokenfrom spl.token.instructions import (approve_checked,ApproveCheckedParams,create_associated_token_account,get_associated_token_address,initialize_mint,InitializeMintParams,mint_to_checked,MintToCheckedParams,)from spl.token.constants import MINT_LEN, TOKEN_PROGRAM_IDDECIMALS = 2AMOUNT_TO_MINT = 100AMOUNT_TO_APPROVE = 25async def main():rpc = AsyncClient("http://localhost:8899")delegate = Keypair()async with rpc:approve_delegate_instruction = approve_checked(ApproveCheckedParams(program_id=TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID, # Token program to invoke.source=token_account_address, # Token account whose delegate approval changes.mint=mint.pubkey(), # Mint for the token the delegate may spend.delegate=delegate.pubkey(), # Account allowed to spend from the token account.owner=fee_payer.pubkey(), # Account that owns the token account.amount=AMOUNT_TO_APPROVE, # Token amount in base units.decimals=DECIMALS, # Decimals defined on the mint account.))latest_blockhash = await rpc.get_latest_blockhash()transaction = Transaction([fee_payer],Message([approve_delegate_instruction], fee_payer.pubkey()),latest_blockhash.value.blockhash,)result = await rpc.send_transaction(transaction)token_account_info = await token.get_account_info(token_account_address)token_account = {key: str(value) if isinstance(value, Pubkey) else valuefor key, value in token_account_info._asdict().items()}print("Mint Address:", mint.pubkey())print("\nToken Account Address:", token_account_address)print("Token Account:")print(json.dumps(token_account, indent=2))print("\nDelegate Address:", delegate.pubkey())print("\nTransaction Signature:", result.value)if __name__ == "__main__":asyncio.run(main())
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