生产环境准备

import { RpcTransport } from "@solana/rpc-spec";
import { RpcResponse } from "@solana/rpc-spec-types";
import { createHttpTransport } from "@solana/rpc-transport-http";

// Create a transport for each RPC server
const transports = [
  createHttpTransport({ url: "https://mainnet-beta.my-server-1.com" }),
  createHttpTransport({ url: "https://mainnet-beta.my-server-2.com" }),
  createHttpTransport({ url: "https://mainnet-beta.my-server-3.com" })
];

// Create a wrapper transport that distributes requests to them
let nextTransport = 0;
async function roundRobinTransport<TResponse>(
  ...args: Parameters<RpcTransport>
): Promise<RpcResponse<TResponse>> {
  const transport = transports[nextTransport];
  nextTransport = (nextTransport + 1) % transports.length;
  return await transport(...args);
}

import { createSolanaRpc } from "@solana/kit";

const rpc = createSolanaRpc(process.env.RPC_URL!);

// 1. Get blockhash with confirmed commitment
const { value: latestBlockhash } = await rpc
  .getLatestBlockhash({ commitment: "confirmed" })
  .send();

// 2. Build and sign your transaction with the blockhash
// ... (transaction building code)

// 3. Send with production settings
const signature = await rpc
  .sendTransaction(encodedTransaction, {
    encoding: "base64",
    maxRetries: 0n, // Handle retries yourself
    skipPreflight: true, // Skip simulation for speed (use false during dev)
    preflightCommitment: "confirmed"
  })
  .send();

// 4. Track expiration using lastValidBlockHeight
const { lastValidBlockHeight } = latestBlockhash;
// Stop retrying when current block height exceeds lastValidBlockHeight

Total fee = Base fee (5,000 lamports per signature) + Priority fee
Priority fee = Compute units x Price per unit (micro-lamports per compute unit)

import { updateOrAppendSetComputeUnitPriceInstruction } from "@solana-program/compute-budget";

const tx = pipe(
  createTransactionMessage({ version: 0 }),
  (m) => setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner(payer, m),
  (m) => setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash(latestBlockhash, m),
  (m) => appendTransactionMessageInstructions([myInstructions], m),
  (m) => updateOrAppendSetComputeUnitPriceInstruction(1000n as MicroLamports, m)
);

import {
  estimateComputeUnitLimitFactory,
  updateOrAppendSetComputeUnitLimitInstruction
} from "@solana-program/compute-budget";

const estimateComputeUnitLimit = estimateComputeUnitLimitFactory({ rpc });
const computeUnitLimit = await estimateComputeUnitLimit(tx);
const txWithComputeUnitLimit = updateOrAppendSetComputeUnitLimitInstruction(
  computeUnitLimit,
  tx
);

import {
  createSolanaRpc,
  createSolanaRpcSubscriptions,
  sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory,
  isSolanaError,
  SOLANA_ERROR__BLOCK_HEIGHT_EXCEEDED
} from "@solana/kit";

const rpc = createSolanaRpc(process.env.RPC_URL!);
const rpcSubscriptions = createSolanaRpcSubscriptions(process.env.RPC_WSS_URL!);

const sendAndConfirmTransaction = sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory({
  rpc,
  rpcSubscriptions
});

// Send with automatic confirmation tracking and block height monitoring
try {
  await sendAndConfirmTransaction(signedTransaction, {
    commitment: "confirmed",
    // Optional: abort after 75 seconds
    abortSignal: AbortSignal.timeout(75_000)
  });
} catch (e) {
  if (isSolanaError(e, SOLANA_ERROR__BLOCK_HEIGHT_EXCEEDED)) {
    // Blockhash expired—rebuild transaction with fresh blockhash and retry
    rebuildAndRetryTransaction(); // implement your own logic for rebuilding and retrying the transaction
  }
  throw e;
}

import {
  isSolanaError,
  SOLANA_ERROR__BLOCK_HEIGHT_EXCEEDED,
  SOLANA_ERROR__TRANSACTION_ERROR__INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS_FOR_FEE,
  SOLANA_ERROR__TRANSACTION_ERROR__BLOCKHASH_NOT_FOUND,
  SOLANA_ERROR__INSTRUCTION_ERROR__INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS
} from "@solana/kit";

function handlePaymentError(error: unknown): {
  message: string;
  retryable: boolean;
} {
  // Blockhash expired—rebuild and retry
  if (
    isSolanaError(error, SOLANA_ERROR__BLOCK_HEIGHT_EXCEEDED) ||
    isSolanaError(error, SOLANA_ERROR__TRANSACTION_ERROR__BLOCKHASH_NOT_FOUND)
  ) {
    return { message: "Transaction expired—rebuilding", retryable: true };
  }

  // Insufficient SOL for fees
  if (
    isSolanaError(
      error,
      SOLANA_ERROR__TRANSACTION_ERROR__INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS_FOR_FEE
    )
  ) {
    return { message: "Not enough SOL for fees", retryable: false };
  }

  // Insufficient token balance
  if (
    isSolanaError(error, SOLANA_ERROR__INSTRUCTION_ERROR__INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS)
  ) {
    return { message: "Insufficient balance", retryable: false };
  }

  // Unknown error
  console.error("Payment error:", error);
  return { message: "Payment failed—please retry", retryable: true };
}