Qu'est-ce que le transfert avec mémo ?
L'extension de compte MemoTransfer du Token Extensions Program exige
qu'une instruction de mémo précède immédiatement tout transfert entrant vers ce
compte de jetons. Les transferts sortants de ce compte de jetons ne nécessitent
pas de mémo.
L'extension est configurée sur le compte de jetons de destination, et non sur le
mint. Une fois activée, les transferts sans mémo échouent avec l'erreur
TokenError::NoMemo jusqu'à ce que le propriétaire du compte de jetons
désactive cette exigence.
Comment créer un compte de jetons avec MemoTransfer activé
Pour créer un compte de jetons avec MemoTransfer activé :
- Créez et initialisez un mint.
- Calculez la taille du compte de jetons et le loyer nécessaire pour un compte
de jetons avec
MemoTransfer. - Créez le compte de jetons et activez
MemoTransfersur ce compte. - Les instructions
TransferetTransferCheckedvers ce compte de jetons doivent inclure une instruction de mémo immédiatement avant l'instruction de transfert.
Créer et initialiser le mint
Créez et initialisez le mint que le compte de jetons utilisera.
Calculer la taille du compte de jetons
Calculez la taille du compte de jetons pour le compte de jetons de base plus
l'extension MemoTransfer. C'est la taille utilisée dans
CreateAccount.
Calculer le loyer
Calculez le loyer en utilisant la taille du compte de jetons nécessaire pour
l'extension MemoTransfer.
Créer et initialiser le compte de jetons
Créez le compte de jetons avec l'espace et les lamports calculés, puis initialisez-le pour le mint.
Activer MemoTransfer
Activez MemoTransfer sur le compte de jetons.
Référence source
| Élément | Description | Source |
|---|---|---|
MemoTransfer | Extension de compte qui stocke si les transferts entrants nécessitent un mémo. | Source |
RequiredMemoTransfersInstruction::Enable | Instruction qui active les transferts avec mémo obligatoire sur un compte de jetons. | Source |
RequiredMemoTransfersInstruction::Disable | Instruction qui désactive les transferts avec mémo obligatoire sur un compte de jetons. | Source |
process_toggle_required_memo_transfers | Logique de traitement qui initialise ou réécrit l'extension MemoTransfer après vérification de la propriété. | Source |
Typescript
L'exemple Kit ci-dessous utilise les instructions générées directement. Les
exemples hérités utilisant @solana/web3.js, @solana/spl-token et
@solana/spl-memo sont inclus à titre de référence.
Kit
import {lamports,createClient,generateKeyPairSigner,unwrapOption} from "@solana/kit";import { solanaRpc, rpcAirdrop } from "@solana/kit-plugin-rpc";import { generatedPayer, airdropPayer } from "@solana/kit-plugin-signer";import { getAddMemoInstruction } from "@solana-program/memo";import { getCreateAccountInstruction } from "@solana-program/system";import {extension,fetchToken,findAssociatedTokenPda,getCreateAssociatedTokenInstructionAsync,getDisableMemoTransfersInstruction,getEnableMemoTransfersInstruction,getInitializeAccountInstruction,getInitializeMintInstruction,getMintSize,getMintToCheckedInstruction,getTokenSize,getTransferCheckedInstruction,isExtension,TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS} from "@solana-program/token-2022";const client = await createClient().use(generatedPayer()).use(solanaRpc({rpcUrl: "http://localhost:8899",rpcSubscriptionsUrl: "ws://localhost:8900"})).use(rpcAirdrop()).use(airdropPayer(lamports(1_000_000_000n)));const mint = await generateKeyPairSigner();const tokenOwner = await generateKeyPairSigner();const tokenAccount = await generateKeyPairSigner();const tokenAmount = 1n;const mintSpace = BigInt(getMintSize());const mintRent = await client.rpc.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(mintSpace).send();await client.sendTransaction([getCreateAccountInstruction({payer: client.payer, // Account funding the new mint account.newAccount: mint, // New mint account to create.lamports: mintRent, // Lamports funding the mint account rent.space: mintSpace, // Account size in bytes for the mint.programAddress: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS // Program that owns the mint account.}),getInitializeMintInstruction({mint: mint.address, // Mint account to initialize.decimals: 0, // Number of decimals for the token.mintAuthority: client.payer.address, // Authority allowed to mint new tokens.freezeAuthority: client.payer.address // Authority allowed to freeze token accounts.})]);const [sourceToken] = await findAssociatedTokenPda({mint: mint.address, // Mint for the source token account.owner: client.payer.address, // Owner of the source token account.tokenProgram: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS // Token program that owns the token account.});const memoTransferAccountExtension = extension("MemoTransfer", {requireIncomingTransferMemos: false});const tokenSpace = BigInt(getTokenSize([memoTransferAccountExtension]));const tokenRent = await client.rpc.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(tokenSpace).send();await client.sendTransaction([await getCreateAssociatedTokenInstructionAsync({payer: client.payer, // Account funding the associated token account creation.mint: mint.address, // Mint for the associated token account.owner: client.payer.address // Owner of the associated token account.}),getMintToCheckedInstruction({mint: mint.address, // Mint account that issues the tokens.token: sourceToken, // Token account receiving the newly minted tokens.mintAuthority: client.payer, // Signer authorized to mint new tokens.amount: tokenAmount, // Token amount in base units.decimals: 0 // Decimals defined on the mint.}),getCreateAccountInstruction({payer: client.payer, // Account funding the new token account.newAccount: tokenAccount, // New token account to create.lamports: tokenRent, // Lamports funding the token account rent.space: tokenSpace, // Account size in bytes for the token account plus MemoTransfer.programAddress: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS // Program that owns the token account.}),getInitializeAccountInstruction({account: tokenAccount.address, // Token account to initialize.mint: mint.address, // Mint for the token account.owner: tokenOwner.address // Owner of the token account.})]);await client.sendTransaction([getEnableMemoTransfersInstruction({token: tokenAccount.address, // Token account that stores the MemoTransfer extension.owner: tokenOwner // Token account owner authorized to toggle memo requirements.})]);await client.sendTransaction([getAddMemoInstruction({memo: "memo required" // Memo string required by the destination token account.}),getTransferCheckedInstruction({source: sourceToken, // Token account sending the transfer.mint: mint.address, // Mint for the transfer.destination: tokenAccount.address, // Token account receiving the transfer.authority: client.payer, // Owner of the source token account.amount: tokenAmount, // Token amount in base units.decimals: 0 // Decimals defined on the mint.})]);await client.sendTransaction([getDisableMemoTransfersInstruction({token: tokenAccount.address, // Token account that stores the MemoTransfer extension.owner: tokenOwner // Token account owner authorized to toggle memo requirements.})]);const tokenAccountData = await fetchToken(client.rpc, tokenAccount.address);const memoTransferExtension = (unwrapOption(tokenAccountData.data.extensions) ?? []).find((item) => isExtension("MemoTransfer", item));console.log("Mint Address:", mint.address);console.log("Token Account:", tokenAccount.address);console.log("Destination Amount:", tokenAccountData.data.amount);console.log("MemoTransfer Extension:", memoTransferExtension);
Web3.js
import {Connection,Keypair,sendAndConfirmTransaction,SystemProgram,Transaction,LAMPORTS_PER_SOL} from "@solana/web3.js";import {ASSOCIATED_TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID,getAssociatedTokenAddressSync,createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction,createDisableRequiredMemoTransfersInstruction,createEnableRequiredMemoTransfersInstruction,createInitializeAccountInstruction,createInitializeMintInstruction,getAccount,getAccountLen,getMemoTransfer,createMintToCheckedInstruction,createTransferCheckedInstruction,ExtensionType,getMintLen,TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID} from "@solana/spl-token";import { createMemoInstruction } from "@solana/spl-memo";const connection = new Connection("http://localhost:8899", "confirmed");const feePayer = Keypair.generate();const tokenOwner = Keypair.generate();const tokenAmount = 1;const airdropSignature = await connection.requestAirdrop(feePayer.publicKey,5 * LAMPORTS_PER_SOL);await connection.confirmTransaction(airdropSignature, "confirmed");const mint = Keypair.generate();const mintLength = getMintLen([]);const mintRent = await connection.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(mintLength);const extensions = [ExtensionType.MemoTransfer];const tokenAccount = Keypair.generate();const tokenAccountLen = getAccountLen(extensions);const tokenAccountRent =await connection.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(tokenAccountLen);const createMintAccountInstruction = SystemProgram.createAccount({fromPubkey: feePayer.publicKey, // Account funding the new mint account.newAccountPubkey: mint.publicKey, // New mint account to create.space: mintLength, // Account size in bytes for the mint.lamports: mintRent, // Lamports funding the mint account rent.programId: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID // Program that owns the mint account.});const initializeMintInstruction = createInitializeMintInstruction(mint.publicKey, // Mint account to initialize.0, // Number of decimals for the token.feePayer.publicKey, // Authority allowed to mint new tokens.feePayer.publicKey, // Authority allowed to freeze token accounts.TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID // Token program that owns the mint account.);const sourceToken = getAssociatedTokenAddressSync(mint.publicKey, // Mint for the source token account.feePayer.publicKey, // Owner of the source token account.false, // Whether the owner is a PDA.TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Token program that owns the token account.ASSOCIATED_TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID // Associated Token Program that derives the ATA.);const createSourceTokenInstruction = createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction(feePayer.publicKey, // Account funding the associated token account creation.sourceToken, // Associated token account address to create.feePayer.publicKey, // Owner of the associated token account.mint.publicKey, // Mint for the associated token account.TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Token program that owns the token account.ASSOCIATED_TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID // Associated Token Program that creates the account.);const mintToInstruction = createMintToCheckedInstruction(mint.publicKey, // Mint account that issues the tokens.sourceToken, // Token account receiving the newly minted tokens.feePayer.publicKey, // Signer authorized to mint new tokens.tokenAmount, // Token amount in base units.0, // Decimals defined on the mint.[], // Additional multisig signers.TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID // Token program that owns the mint and token account.);const createTokenAccountInstruction = SystemProgram.createAccount({fromPubkey: feePayer.publicKey, // Account funding the new token account.newAccountPubkey: tokenAccount.publicKey, // New token account to create.space: tokenAccountLen, // Account size in bytes for the token account plus MemoTransfer.lamports: tokenAccountRent, // Lamports funding the token account rent.programId: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID // Program that owns the token account.});const initializeTokenAccountInstruction = createInitializeAccountInstruction(tokenAccount.publicKey, // Token account to initialize.mint.publicKey, // Mint for the token account.tokenOwner.publicKey, // Owner of the token account.TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID // Token program that owns the token account.);await sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection,new Transaction().add(createMintAccountInstruction,initializeMintInstruction),[feePayer, mint]);await sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection,new Transaction().add(createSourceTokenInstruction,mintToInstruction,createTokenAccountInstruction,initializeTokenAccountInstruction),[feePayer, tokenAccount]);const enableMemoTransferExtensionInstruction =createEnableRequiredMemoTransfersInstruction(tokenAccount.publicKey, // Token account that stores the MemoTransfer extension.tokenOwner.publicKey, // Token account owner authorized to toggle memo requirements.[], // Additional multisig signers.TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID // Token program that owns the token account.);await sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection,new Transaction().add(enableMemoTransferExtensionInstruction),[feePayer, tokenOwner]);const memoIx = createMemoInstruction("memo required", // Memo string required by the destination token account.[feePayer.publicKey] // Accounts to include in the memo instruction.);const transferInstruction = createTransferCheckedInstruction(sourceToken, // Token account sending the transfer.mint.publicKey, // Mint for the transfer.tokenAccount.publicKey, // Token account receiving the transfer.feePayer.publicKey, // Owner of the source token account.tokenAmount, // Token amount in base units.0, // Decimals defined on the mint.[], // Additional multisig signers.TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID // Token program that processes the transfer.);await sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection,new Transaction().add(memoIx, transferInstruction),[feePayer]);const disableMemoTransferExtensionInstruction =createDisableRequiredMemoTransfersInstruction(tokenAccount.publicKey, // Token account that stores the MemoTransfer extension.tokenOwner.publicKey, // Token account owner authorized to toggle memo requirements.[], // Additional multisig signers.TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID // Token program that owns the token account.);await sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection,new Transaction().add(disableMemoTransferExtensionInstruction),[feePayer, tokenOwner]);const tokenAccountData = await getAccount(connection,tokenAccount.publicKey,"confirmed",TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID);const memoTransferExtension = getMemoTransfer(tokenAccountData);console.log("Mint Address:", mint.publicKey.toBase58());console.log("Token Account:", tokenAccount.publicKey.toBase58());console.log("Destination Amount:", tokenAccountData.amount.toString());console.log("MemoTransfer Extension:", memoTransferExtension);
Rust
use anyhow::Result;use solana_client::nonblocking::rpc_client::RpcClient;use solana_commitment_config::CommitmentConfig;use solana_sdk::{program_pack::Pack,signature::{Keypair, Signer},transaction::Transaction,};use solana_system_interface::instruction::create_account;use spl_associated_token_account_interface::{address::get_associated_token_address_with_program_id,instruction::create_associated_token_account,};use spl_memo_interface::{instruction::build_memo, v3::ID as MEMO_PROGRAM_ID};use spl_token_2022_interface::{extension::{memo_transfer::{instruction::{disable_required_transfer_memos, enable_required_transfer_memos},MemoTransfer,},BaseStateWithExtensions, ExtensionType, StateWithExtensions,},instruction::{initialize_account, initialize_mint, mint_to_checked, transfer_checked},state::{Account, Mint},ID as TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,};#[tokio::main]async fn main() -> Result<()> {let client = RpcClient::new_with_commitment(String::from("http://localhost:8899"),CommitmentConfig::confirmed(),);let fee_payer = Keypair::new();let token_owner = Keypair::new();let token_amount = 1u64;let airdrop_signature = client.request_airdrop(&fee_payer.pubkey(), 5_000_000_000).await?;loop {let confirmed = client.confirm_transaction(&airdrop_signature).await?;if confirmed {break;}}let mint = Keypair::new();let mint_space = Mint::LEN;let mint_rent = client.get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(mint_space).await?;let create_mint_account_instruction = create_account(&fee_payer.pubkey(), // Account funding the new mint account.&mint.pubkey(), // New mint account to create.mint_rent, // Lamports funding the mint account rent.mint_space as u64, // Account size in bytes for the mint.&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Program that owns the mint account.);let initialize_mint_instruction = initialize_mint(&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Program that owns the mint account.&mint.pubkey(), // Mint account to initialize.&fee_payer.pubkey(), // Authority allowed to mint new tokens.Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()), // Authority allowed to freeze token accounts.0, // Number of decimals for the token.)?;let create_mint_transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(&[create_mint_account_instruction, initialize_mint_instruction],Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),&[&fee_payer, &mint],client.get_latest_blockhash().await?,);client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&create_mint_transaction).await?;let source_token = get_associated_token_address_with_program_id(&fee_payer.pubkey(), // Owner of the associated token account.&mint.pubkey(), // Mint for the associated token account.&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Token program that owns the token account.);let create_source_token_instruction = create_associated_token_account(&fee_payer.pubkey(), // Account funding the associated token account creation.&fee_payer.pubkey(), // Owner of the associated token account.&mint.pubkey(), // Mint for the associated token account.&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Token program that owns the token account.);let mint_to_instruction = mint_to_checked(&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Token program that owns the mint and token account.&mint.pubkey(), // Mint account that issues the tokens.&source_token, // Token account receiving the newly minted tokens.&fee_payer.pubkey(), // Signer authorized to mint new tokens.&[], // Additional multisig signers.token_amount, // Token amount in base units.0, // Decimals defined on the mint.)?;let token_account = Keypair::new();let token_account_space =ExtensionType::try_calculate_account_len::<Account>(&[ExtensionType::MemoTransfer])?;let token_account_rent = client.get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(token_account_space).await?;let create_token_account_instruction = create_account(&fee_payer.pubkey(), // Account funding the new token account.&token_account.pubkey(), // New token account to create.token_account_rent, // Lamports funding the token account rent.token_account_space as u64, // Account size in bytes for the token account plus MemoTransfer.&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Program that owns the token account.);let initialize_token_account = initialize_account(&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Token program that owns the token account.&token_account.pubkey(), // Token account to initialize.&mint.pubkey(), // Mint for the token account.&token_owner.pubkey(), // Owner of the token account.)?;let setup_transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(&[create_source_token_instruction,mint_to_instruction,create_token_account_instruction,initialize_token_account,],Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),&[&fee_payer, &token_account],client.get_latest_blockhash().await?,);client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&setup_transaction).await?;let enable_memo_transfer_instruction = enable_required_transfer_memos(&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Token program that owns the token account.&token_account.pubkey(), // Token account that stores the MemoTransfer extension.&token_owner.pubkey(), // Token account owner authorized to toggle memo requirements.&[], // Additional multisig signers.)?;let enable_blockhash = client.get_latest_blockhash().await?;let enable_transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(&[enable_memo_transfer_instruction],Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),&[&fee_payer, &token_owner],enable_blockhash,);client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&enable_transaction).await?;let memo_instruction = build_memo(&MEMO_PROGRAM_ID, // Memo program that records the memo string.b"memo required", // Memo string required by the destination token account.&[&fee_payer.pubkey()], // Accounts to include in the memo instruction.);let transfer_instruction = transfer_checked(&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Token program that processes the transfer.&source_token, // Token account sending the transfer.&mint.pubkey(), // Mint for the transfer.&token_account.pubkey(), // Token account receiving the transfer.&fee_payer.pubkey(), // Owner of the source token account.&[], // Additional multisig signers.token_amount, // Token amount in base units.0, // Decimals defined on the mint.)?;let transfer_blockhash = client.get_latest_blockhash().await?;let transfer_transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(&[memo_instruction, transfer_instruction],Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),&[&fee_payer],transfer_blockhash,);client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transfer_transaction).await?;let disable_memo_transfer_instruction = disable_required_transfer_memos(&TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // Token program that owns the token account.&token_account.pubkey(), // Token account that stores the MemoTransfer extension.&token_owner.pubkey(), // Token account owner authorized to toggle memo requirements.&[], // Additional multisig signers.)?;let disable_blockhash = client.get_latest_blockhash().await?;let disable_transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(&[disable_memo_transfer_instruction],Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),&[&fee_payer, &token_owner],disable_blockhash,);client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&disable_transaction).await?;let token_account_data = client.get_account(&token_account.pubkey()).await?;let token_account_state = StateWithExtensions::<Account>::unpack(&token_account_data.data)?;let memo_transfer_extension = token_account_state.get_extension::<MemoTransfer>()?;println!("Mint Address: {}", mint.pubkey());println!("Token Account: {}", token_account.pubkey());println!("Destination Amount: {}", token_account_state.base.amount);println!("MemoTransfer Extension: {:#?}", memo_transfer_extension);Ok(())}
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