Dokumentasi SolanaToken di SolanaDasar-dasar

Mengatur Authority

Memahami Token Authorities

Mint Account Authorities

  • Mint Authority: Mengontrol pembuatan token baru. Dapat mencetak token ke token account mana pun. Sering dicabut setelah pasokan awal dibuat untuk menciptakan token dengan pasokan tetap.
  • Freeze Authority: Mengontrol kemampuan untuk membekukan dan mencairkan token account. Dapat mencegah token account mentransfer token. Sering dicabut untuk menjamin pengguna bahwa token mereka tidak dapat dibekukan.

Token Account Authorities

  • Account Owner: Memiliki kendali penuh atas token account. Dapat mentransfer token, membakar token, menyetujui delegasi, dan menutup akun ketika saldo nol.
  • Close Authority: Dapat menutup token account ketika saldonya nol. Secara default, ini adalah pemilik akun tetapi dapat didelegasikan ke akun lain.

Cara mengatur authority

Instruksi SetAuthority mengubah atau mencabut authority pada mint dan token account. Hanya authority saat ini yang dapat mentransfer izin mereka ke alamat baru atau mencabutnya secara permanen dengan mengatur authority ke null. Setelah dicabut, authority tidak dapat dipulihkan.

Token Program dan Token Extension Program berbagi implementasi serupa untuk mencapai fungsionalitas yang sama.

Typescript

import {

  airdropFactory,

  appendTransactionMessageInstructions,

  createSolanaRpc,

  createSolanaRpcSubscriptions,

  createTransactionMessage,

  generateKeyPairSigner,

  getSignatureFromTransaction,

  lamports,

  pipe,

  sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory,

  setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner,

  setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash,

  signTransactionMessageWithSigners

} from "@solana/kit";

import { getCreateAccountInstruction } from "@solana-program/system";

import {

  getInitializeMintInstruction,

  getMintSize,

  TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS,

  findAssociatedTokenPda,

  getCreateAssociatedTokenInstructionAsync,

  getSetAuthorityInstruction,

  AuthorityType

} from "@solana-program/token";



// Create Connection, local validator in this example

const rpc = createSolanaRpc("http://localhost:8899");

const rpcSubscriptions = createSolanaRpcSubscriptions("ws://localhost:8900");



// Generate keypairs for fee payer and new authority

const feePayer = await generateKeyPairSigner();

const newAuthority = await generateKeyPairSigner();



// Fund fee payer

await airdropFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })({

  recipientAddress: feePayer.address,

  lamports: lamports(1_000_000_000n),

  commitment: "confirmed"

});



// Generate keypair to use as address of mint

const mint = await generateKeyPairSigner();



// Get default mint account size (in bytes), no extensions enabled

const space = BigInt(getMintSize());



// Get minimum balance for rent exemption

const rent = await rpc.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(space).send();



// Get latest blockhash to include in transaction

const { value: latestBlockhash } = await rpc.getLatestBlockhash().send();



// Instruction to create new account for mint (token program)

// Invokes the system program

const createAccountInstruction = getCreateAccountInstruction({

  payer: feePayer,

  newAccount: mint,

  lamports: rent,

  space,

  programAddress: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS

});



// Instruction to initialize mint account data

// Invokes the token program

const initializeMintInstruction = getInitializeMintInstruction({

  mint: mint.address,

  decimals: 9,

  mintAuthority: feePayer.address,

  freezeAuthority: feePayer.address

});



// Use findAssociatedTokenPda to derive the ATA address

const [associatedTokenAddress] = await findAssociatedTokenPda({

  mint: mint.address,

  owner: feePayer.address,

  tokenProgram: TOKEN_PROGRAM_ADDRESS

});



// Create instruction to create the associated token account

const createAtaInstruction = await getCreateAssociatedTokenInstructionAsync({

  payer: feePayer,

  mint: mint.address,

  owner: feePayer.address

});



const instructions = [

  createAccountInstruction,

  initializeMintInstruction,

  createAtaInstruction

];



// Create transaction message

const transactionMessage = pipe(

  createTransactionMessage({ version: 0 }),

  (tx) => setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner(feePayer, tx),

  (tx) => setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash(latestBlockhash, tx),

  (tx) => appendTransactionMessageInstructions(instructions, tx)

);



// Sign transaction message with all required signers

const signedTransaction =

  await signTransactionMessageWithSigners(transactionMessage);



// Send and confirm transaction

await sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })(

  signedTransaction,

  { commitment: "confirmed" }

);



// Get transaction signature

const transactionSignature = getSignatureFromTransaction(signedTransaction);



console.log("\nMint Address:", mint.address.toString());

console.log("New Authority Address:", newAuthority.address.toString());

console.log(

  "Associated Token Account Address:",

  associatedTokenAddress.toString()

);

console.log("\nTransaction Signature:", transactionSignature);



// Get a fresh blockhash for the authority change transaction

const { value: authorityBlockhash } = await rpc.getLatestBlockhash().send();



// 1. Change Mint Authority (MintTokens)

const setMintAuthorityIx = getSetAuthorityInstruction({

  owned: mint.address,

  owner: feePayer,

  authorityType: AuthorityType.MintTokens,

  newAuthority: newAuthority.address

});



// 2. Change Freeze Authority (FreezeAccount)

const setFreezeAuthorityIx = getSetAuthorityInstruction({

  owned: mint.address,

  owner: feePayer,

  authorityType: AuthorityType.FreezeAccount,

  newAuthority: newAuthority.address

});



// Create transaction message for authority changes

const authorityTxMessage = pipe(

  createTransactionMessage({ version: 0 }),

  (tx) => setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner(feePayer, tx),

  (tx) => setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash(authorityBlockhash, tx),

  (tx) =>

    appendTransactionMessageInstructions(

      [setMintAuthorityIx, setFreezeAuthorityIx],

      tx

    )

);



// Sign transaction message with all required signers

const signedAuthorityTx =

  await signTransactionMessageWithSigners(authorityTxMessage);



// Send and confirm transaction

await sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })(

  signedAuthorityTx,

  { commitment: "confirmed" }

);



// Get transaction signature

const transactionSignature2 = getSignatureFromTransaction(signedAuthorityTx);



console.log("\nSuccessfully changed mint and freeze authorities");

console.log("Transaction Signature:", transactionSignature2);



// Get a fresh blockhash for the revoke transaction

const { value: revokeBlockhash } = await rpc.getLatestBlockhash().send();



// 3. Example of revoking authority (setting to null)

const revokeMintAuthorityIx = getSetAuthorityInstruction({

  owned: mint.address,

  owner: newAuthority,

  authorityType: AuthorityType.MintTokens,

  newAuthority: null

});



// Create transaction message for revoking

const revokeTxMessage = pipe(

  createTransactionMessage({ version: 0 }),

  (tx) => setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner(feePayer, tx),

  (tx) => setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash(revokeBlockhash, tx),

  (tx) => appendTransactionMessageInstructions([revokeMintAuthorityIx], tx)

);



// Sign transaction message with all required signers (newAuthority needs to sign)

const signedRevokeTx = await signTransactionMessageWithSigners(revokeTxMessage);



// Send and confirm transaction

await sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })(

  signedRevokeTx,

  { commitment: "confirmed" }

);



// Get transaction signature

const transactionSignature3 = getSignatureFromTransaction(signedRevokeTx);



console.log("\nSuccessfully revoked mint authority");

console.log("Transaction Signature:", transactionSignature3);
Console
Click to execute the code.

Rust

use anyhow::Result;

use solana_client::nonblocking::rpc_client::RpcClient;

use solana_sdk::{

    commitment_config::CommitmentConfig,

    program_pack::Pack,

    signature::{Keypair, Signer},

    system_instruction::create_account,

    transaction::Transaction,

};

use spl_associated_token_account::{

    get_associated_token_address_with_program_id, instruction::create_associated_token_account,

};

use spl_token::{

    id as token_program_id,

    instruction::{initialize_mint, set_authority, AuthorityType},

    state::Mint,

};



#[tokio::main]

async fn main() -> Result<()> {

    // Create connection to local validator

    let client = RpcClient::new_with_commitment(

        String::from("http://localhost:8899"),

        CommitmentConfig::confirmed(),

    );

    let latestBlockhash = client.get_latest_blockhash().await?;



    // Generate a new keypair for the fee payer

    let fee_payer = Keypair::new();



    // Generate a new keypair for the new authority

    let new_authority = Keypair::new();



    // Airdrop 1 SOL to fee payer

    let airdrop_signature = client

        .request_airdrop(&fee_payer.pubkey(), 1_000_000_000)

        .await?;

    client.confirm_transaction(&airdrop_signature).await?;



    loop {

        let confirmed = client.confirm_transaction(&airdrop_signature).await?;

        if confirmed {

            break;

        }

    }



    // Generate keypair to use as address of mint

    let mint = Keypair::new();



    // Get default mint account size (in bytes), no extensions enabled

    let mint_space = Mint::LEN;

    let mint_rent = client

        .get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(mint_space)

        .await?;



    // Instruction to create new account for mint (token program)

    let create_account_instruction = create_account(

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),      // payer

        &mint.pubkey(),           // new account (mint)

        mint_rent,                // lamports

        mint_space as u64,        // space

        &token_program_id(), // program id

    );



    // Instruction to initialize mint account data

    let initialize_mint_instruction = initialize_mint(

        &token_program_id(),

        &mint.pubkey(),            // mint

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),       // mint authority

        Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()), // freeze authority

        9,                         // decimals

    )?;



    // Calculate the associated token account address for fee_payer

    let associated_token_address = get_associated_token_address_with_program_id(

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),      // owner

        &mint.pubkey(),           // mint

        &token_program_id(), // program_id

    );



    // Instruction to create associated token account

    let create_ata_instruction = create_associated_token_account(

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),      // funding address

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),      // wallet address

        &mint.pubkey(),           // mint address

        &token_program_id(), // program id

    );



    // Create transaction and add instructions

    let transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(

        &[

            create_account_instruction,

            initialize_mint_instruction,

            create_ata_instruction,

        ],

        Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),

        &[&fee_payer, &mint],

        latestBlockhash,

    );



    // Send and confirm transaction

    let transaction_signature = client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction).await?;



    println!("Mint Address: {}", mint.pubkey());

    println!("New Authority Address: {}", new_authority.pubkey());

    println!(

        "Associated Token Account Address: {}",

        associated_token_address

    );

    println!("Transaction Signature: {}", transaction_signature);



    // Get the latest blockhash for the authority change transaction

    let latestBlockhash = client.get_latest_blockhash().await?;



    // 1. Change Mint Authority (MintTokens)

    let set_mint_authority_ix = set_authority(

        &token_program_id(), // program id

        &mint.pubkey(),           // mint account

        Some(&new_authority.pubkey()), // new authority

        AuthorityType::MintTokens,     // authority type

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),           // current authority

        &[&fee_payer.pubkey()],        // signers

    )?;



    // 2. Change Freeze Authority (FreezeAccount)

    let set_freeze_authority_ix = set_authority(

        &token_program_id(), // program id

        &mint.pubkey(),            // mint account

        Some(&new_authority.pubkey()), // new authority

        AuthorityType::FreezeAccount,  // authority type

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),           // current authority

        &[&fee_payer.pubkey()],        // signers

    )?;



    // Create transaction for authority changes

    let transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(

        &[set_mint_authority_ix, set_freeze_authority_ix],

        Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),

        &[&fee_payer],

        latestBlockhash,

    );



    // Send and confirm transaction

    let transaction_signature = client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction).await?;



    println!(

        "\nSuccessfully changed mint and freeze authorities to: {}",

        new_authority.pubkey()

    );

    println!("Transaction Signature: {}", transaction_signature);



    // Get the latest blockhash for the revoke transaction

    let latestBlockhash = client.get_latest_blockhash().await?;



    // 3. Example of revoking authority (setting to null)

    let revoke_mint_authority_ix = set_authority(

        &token_program_id(), // program id

        &mint.pubkey(),      // mint account

        None,                // new authority (None to revoke)

        AuthorityType::MintTokens, // authority type

        &new_authority.pubkey(),   // current authority

        &[&new_authority.pubkey()], // signers

    )?;



    // Create transaction for revoking

    let transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(

        &[revoke_mint_authority_ix],

        Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),

        &[&fee_payer, &new_authority], // new_authority needs to sign

        latestBlockhash,

    );



    // Send and confirm transaction

    let transaction_signature = client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction).await?;



    println!("\nSuccessfully revoked mint authority");

    println!("Transaction Signature: {}", transaction_signature);



    Ok(())

}
Console
Click to execute the code.

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