Solana 文档Solana 上的代币扩展保密转账

应用待处理余额

如何将待处理余额应用到可用余额

在代币可以进行保密转账之前，公共代币余额必须转换为保密余额。此转换分为两个阶段：

  1. 保密待处理余额：首先，代币从公共余额“存入”到“待处理”的保密余额中。
  2. 保密可用余额：然后将待处理余额“应用”到可用余额中，使代币可用于保密转账。

本节将解释第二阶段：将待处理余额应用到可用余额。

当代币从公共余额“存入”或从一个代币账户保密转账到另一个代币账户时，这些代币最初会被添加到保密待处理余额中。在代币可以用于保密转账之前，必须将待处理余额“应用”到可用余额中。

Apply Pending Balance

下图显示了将待处理余额应用到可用余额的步骤：

Apply Pending Balance

所需指令

要将待处理余额转换为可用余额，请调用 ConfidentialTransferInstruction::ApplyPendingBalance 指令。

spl_token_client crate 提供了一个 confidential_transfer_apply_pending_balance 方法，该方法构建并发送包含 ApplyPendingBalance 指令的交易，如以下示例所示。

示例代码

以下示例演示了如何将保密待处理余额应用到保密可用余额。

要运行此示例，请使用以下命令启动一个从主网克隆的带有 Token Extension Program 的本地验证器。您必须安装 Solana CLI 才能启动本地验证器。

Terminal
$ 
solana-test-validator --clone-upgradeable-program TokenzQdBNbLqP5VEhdkAS6EPFLC1PHnBqCXEpPxuEb --url https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com -r

在撰写本文时，机密转账功能尚未在默认的本地 validator 上启用。您必须克隆主网的 Token Extension Program 才能运行示例代码。

use anyhow::{Context, Result};

use solana_client::nonblocking::rpc_client::RpcClient;

use solana_sdk::{

    commitment_config::CommitmentConfig,

    signature::{Keypair, Signer},

    transaction::Transaction,

};

use spl_associated_token_account::{

    get_associated_token_address_with_program_id, instruction::create_associated_token_account,

};

use spl_token_client::{

    client::{ProgramRpcClient, ProgramRpcClientSendTransaction},

    spl_token_2022::{

        extension::{

            confidential_transfer::instruction::{configure_account, PubkeyValidityProofData},

            ExtensionType,

        },

        id as token_2022_program_id,

        instruction::reallocate,

        solana_zk_sdk::encryption::{auth_encryption::*, elgamal::*},

    },

    token::{ExtensionInitializationParams, Token},

};

use spl_token_confidential_transfer_proof_extraction::instruction::{ProofData, ProofLocation};

use std::sync::Arc;



#[tokio::main]

async fn main() -> Result<()> {

    // Create connection to local test validator

    let rpc_client = Arc::new(RpcClient::new_with_commitment(

        String::from("http://localhost:8899"),

        CommitmentConfig::confirmed(),

    ));



    // Load the default Solana CLI keypair to use as the fee payer

    // This will be the wallet paying for the transaction fees

    // Use Arc to prevent multiple clones of the keypair

    let payer = Arc::new(load_keypair()?);

    println!("Using payer: {}", payer.pubkey());



    // Generate a new keypair to use as the address of the token mint

    let mint = Keypair::new();

    println!("Mint keypair generated: {}", mint.pubkey());



    // Set up program client for Token client

    let program_client = ProgramRpcClient::new(rpc_client.clone(), ProgramRpcClientSendTransaction);



    // Number of decimals for the mint

    let decimals = 9;



    // Create a token client for the Token-2022 program

    // This provides high-level methods for token operations

    let token = Token::new(

        Arc::new(program_client),

        &token_2022_program_id(), // Use the Token-2022 program (newer version with extensions)

        &mint.pubkey(),           // Address of the new token mint

        Some(decimals),           // Number of decimal places

        payer.clone(),            // Fee payer for transactions

    );



    // Create extension initialization parameters for the mint

    // The ConfidentialTransferMint extension enables confidential (private) transfers of tokens

    let extension_initialization_params =

        vec![ExtensionInitializationParams::ConfidentialTransferMint {

            authority: Some(payer.pubkey()), // Authority that can modify confidential transfer settings

            auto_approve_new_accounts: true, // Automatically approve new confidential accounts

            auditor_elgamal_pubkey: None,    // Optional auditor ElGamal public key

        }];



    // Create and initialize the mint with the ConfidentialTransferMint extension

    // This sends a transaction to create the new token mint

    let transaction_signature = token

        .create_mint(

            &payer.pubkey(),                 // Mint authority - can mint new tokens

            Some(&payer.pubkey()),           // Freeze authority - can freeze token accounts

            extension_initialization_params, // Add the ConfidentialTransferMint extension

            &[&mint],                        // Mint keypair needed as signer

        )

        .await?;



    // Print results for user verification

    println!("Mint Address: {}", mint.pubkey());

    println!(

        "Mint Creation Transaction Signature: {}",

        transaction_signature

    );



    // ===== Create and configure token account for confidential transfers =====

    println!("\nCreate and configure token account for confidential transfers");



    // Get the associated token account address for the owner

    let token_account_pubkey = get_associated_token_address_with_program_id(

        &payer.pubkey(),          // Token account owner

        &mint.pubkey(),           // Mint

        &token_2022_program_id(), // Token program ID

    );

    println!("Token Account Address: {}", token_account_pubkey);



    // Step 1: Create the associated token account

    let create_associated_token_account_instruction = create_associated_token_account(

        &payer.pubkey(),          // Funding account

        &payer.pubkey(),          // Token account owner

        &mint.pubkey(),           // Mint

        &token_2022_program_id(), // Token program ID

    );



    // Step 2: Reallocate the token account to include space for the ConfidentialTransferAccount extension

    let reallocate_instruction = reallocate(

        &token_2022_program_id(),                      // Token program ID

        &token_account_pubkey,                         // Token account

        &payer.pubkey(),                               // Payer

        &payer.pubkey(),                               // Token account owner

        &[&payer.pubkey()],                            // Signers

        &[ExtensionType::ConfidentialTransferAccount], // Extension to reallocate space for

    )?;



    // Step 3: Generate the ElGamal keypair and AES key for token account

    let elgamal_keypair = ElGamalKeypair::new_from_signer(&payer, &token_account_pubkey.to_bytes())

        .expect("Failed to create ElGamal keypair");

    let aes_key = AeKey::new_from_signer(&payer, &token_account_pubkey.to_bytes())

        .expect("Failed to create AES key");



    // The maximum number of Deposit and Transfer instructions that can

    // credit pending_balance before the ApplyPendingBalance instruction is executed

    let maximum_pending_balance_credit_counter = 65536;



    // Initial token balance is 0

    let decryptable_balance = aes_key.encrypt(0);



    // Generate the proof data client-side

    let proof_data = PubkeyValidityProofData::new(&elgamal_keypair)

        .map_err(|_| anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to generate proof data"))?;



    // Indicate that proof is included in the same transaction

    let proof_location =

        ProofLocation::InstructionOffset(1.try_into()?, ProofData::InstructionData(&proof_data));



    // Step 4: Create instructions to configure the account for confidential transfers

    let configure_account_instructions = configure_account(

        &token_2022_program_id(),               // Program ID

        &token_account_pubkey,                  // Token account

        &mint.pubkey(),                         // Mint

        &decryptable_balance.into(),            // Initial balance

        maximum_pending_balance_credit_counter, // Maximum pending balance credit counter

        &payer.pubkey(),                        // Token Account Owner

        &[],                                    // Additional signers

        proof_location,                         // Proof location

    )?;



    // Combine all instructions

    let mut instructions = vec![

        create_associated_token_account_instruction,

        reallocate_instruction,

    ];

    instructions.extend(configure_account_instructions);



    // Create and send the transaction

    let recent_blockhash = rpc_client.get_latest_blockhash().await?;

    let transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(

        &instructions,

        Some(&payer.pubkey()),

        &[&payer],

        recent_blockhash,

    );



    let transaction_signature = rpc_client

        .send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction)

        .await?;

    println!(

        "Create Token Account Transaction Signature: {}",

        transaction_signature

    );



    // Mint some tokens to the newly created token account

    // This gives the account some tokens to work with

    let mint_signature = token

        .mint_to(

            &token_account_pubkey,            // Destination account

            &payer.pubkey(),                  // Mint authority

            100 * 10u64.pow(decimals as u32), // Amount (100 tokens with decimal precision)

            &[&payer],                        // Signers

        )

        .await?;



    println!("Mint Tokens Transaction Signature: {}", mint_signature);



    // Deposit the tokens to confidential state

    // This converts regular tokens to confidential tokens

    println!("Deposit tokens to confidential state pending balance");

    let deposit_signature = token

        .confidential_transfer_deposit(

            &token_account_pubkey,            // The token account

            &payer.pubkey(),                  // Authority (owner) of the account

            100 * 10u64.pow(decimals as u32), // Amount to deposit (100 tokens)

            decimals,                         // Decimals of the token

            &[&payer],                        // Signers (owner must sign)

        )

        .await?;



    println!(

        "Confidential Transfer Deposit Signature: {}",

        deposit_signature

    );



    // Apply the pending balance to make funds available

    println!("Apply pending balance to available balance");

    let apply_signature = token

        .confidential_transfer_apply_pending_balance(

            &token_account_pubkey,    // The token account

            &payer.pubkey(),          // Authority (owner) of the account

            None,                     // Optional new decryptable available balance

            elgamal_keypair.secret(), // ElGamal keypair for public-key cryptography (decryption and ZK proofs)

            &aes_key,                 // AES key for encryption of balance and transfer amounts

            &[&payer],                // Signers (owner must sign)

        )

        .await?;



    println!("Apply Pending Balance Signature: {}", apply_signature);



    println!("Confidential transfer setup complete. Tokens are now in available balance.");

    println!(

        "Associated Token Account with confidential transfers: {}",

        token_account_pubkey

    );



    Ok(())

}



// Load the keypair from the default Solana CLI keypair path (~/.config/solana/id.json)

// This enables using the same wallet as the Solana CLI tools

fn load_keypair() -> Result<Keypair> {

    // Get the default keypair path

    let keypair_path = dirs::home_dir()

        .context("Could not find home directory")?

        .join(".config/solana/id.json");



    // Read the keypair file directly into bytes using serde_json

    // The keypair file is a JSON array of bytes

    let file = std::fs::File::open(&keypair_path)?;

    let keypair_bytes: Vec<u8> = serde_json::from_reader(file)?;



    // Create keypair from the loaded bytes

    // This converts the byte array into a keypair

    let keypair = Keypair::from_bytes(&keypair_bytes)?;



    Ok(keypair)

}
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