Documentazione SolanaToken su SolanaEstensioni

Trasferimento con memo

Come abilitare MemoTransferExtension

L' MemoTransferExtension richiede che tutti i trasferimenti di token in entrata includano un memo di accompagnamento quando abilitato su un token account. Questa estensione può essere abilitata o disabilitata dal proprietario del token account.

Typescript

import {

  airdropFactory,

  appendTransactionMessageInstructions,

  createSolanaRpc,

  createSolanaRpcSubscriptions,

  createTransactionMessage,

  generateKeyPairSigner,

  getSignatureFromTransaction,

  lamports,

  pipe,

  sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory,

  setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner,

  setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash,

  signTransactionMessageWithSigners

} from "@solana/kit";

import { getCreateAccountInstruction } from "@solana-program/system";

import {

  getInitializeMintInstruction,

  getMintSize,

  TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS,

  extension,

  getTokenSize,

  findAssociatedTokenPda,

  getCreateAssociatedTokenInstructionAsync,

  getEnableMemoTransfersInstruction,

  getInitializeAccountInstruction,

  getMintToInstruction,

  getTransferCheckedInstruction

} from "@solana-program/token-2022";

import { getAddMemoInstruction } from "@solana-program/memo";



// Create Connection, local validator in this example

const rpc = createSolanaRpc("http://localhost:8899");

const rpcSubscriptions = createSolanaRpcSubscriptions("ws://localhost:8900");



// Generate the authority for the mint, (will also act as the fee payer)

const authority = await generateKeyPairSigner();



// Fund authority/fee payer

await airdropFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })({

  recipientAddress: authority.address,

  lamports: lamports(5_000_000_000n), // 5 SOL

  commitment: "confirmed"

});



// Generate keypair to use as address of mint

const mint = await generateKeyPairSigner();



// Get default mint account size (in bytes),

const space = BigInt(getMintSize());



// Get minimum balance for rent exemption

const rent = await rpc.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(space).send();



// Get latest blockhash to include in transaction

const { value: latestBlockhash } = await rpc.getLatestBlockhash().send();



// Instruction to create new account for mint (token program)

// Invokes the system program

const createMintAccountInstruction = getCreateAccountInstruction({

  payer: authority,

  newAccount: mint,

  lamports: rent,

  space,

  programAddress: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS

});



// Instruction to initialize mint account data

// Invokes the token22 program

const initializeMintInstruction = getInitializeMintInstruction({

  mint: mint.address,

  decimals: 9,

  mintAuthority: authority.address

});



// Use findAssociatedTokenPda to derive the ATA address

const [associatedTokenAddress] = await findAssociatedTokenPda({

  mint: mint.address,

  owner: authority.address,

  tokenProgram: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS

});



// instruction to create the associated token account for the authority

const createAtaInstruction = await getCreateAssociatedTokenInstructionAsync({

  payer: authority,

  mint: mint.address,

  owner: authority.address

});



// Create instruction to mint tokens

const mintToInstruction = getMintToInstruction({

  mint: mint.address,

  token: associatedTokenAddress,

  mintAuthority: authority.address,

  amount: 1000_000_000_000n // 1000.0 tokens with 9 decimals

});



// Generate keypair to use as address of token account

const tokenAccount = await generateKeyPairSigner();



// memo transfer extension.

const memoTransferExtension = extension("MemoTransfer", {

  requireIncomingTransferMemos: true

});



// get token account size with extension enabled

const tokenAccountLen = BigInt(getTokenSize([memoTransferExtension]));



// Get minimum balance for rent exemption

const tokenAccountRent = await rpc

  .getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(tokenAccountLen)

  .send();



// Instruction to create new account for the token account

// Invokes the system program

const createTokenAccountInstruction = getCreateAccountInstruction({

  payer: authority,

  newAccount: tokenAccount,

  lamports: tokenAccountRent,

  space: tokenAccountLen,

  programAddress: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ADDRESS

});



// Instruction to initialize the created token account

const initializeTokenAccountInstruction = getInitializeAccountInstruction({

  account: tokenAccount.address,

  mint: mint.address,

  owner: authority.address

});



// create instruction to enable the MemoTransferExtension

const enableMemoTransferExtensionInstruction =

  getEnableMemoTransfersInstruction({

    token: tokenAccount.address,

    owner: authority

  });



const instructions = [

  createMintAccountInstruction,

  initializeMintInstruction,

  createAtaInstruction,

  mintToInstruction,

  createTokenAccountInstruction,

  initializeTokenAccountInstruction,

  enableMemoTransferExtensionInstruction

];



// Create transaction message

const transactionMessage = pipe(

  createTransactionMessage({ version: 0 }),

  (tx) => setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner(authority, tx),

  (tx) => setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash(latestBlockhash, tx),

  (tx) => appendTransactionMessageInstructions(instructions, tx)

);



// Sign transaction message with all required signers

const signedTransaction =

  await signTransactionMessageWithSigners(transactionMessage);



// Send and confirm transaction

await sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })(

  signedTransaction,

  { commitment: "confirmed", skipPreflight: true }

);



// // Get transaction signature

const transactionSignature = getSignatureFromTransaction(signedTransaction);



console.log("Mint Address:", mint.address.toString());

console.log("Transaction Signature:", transactionSignature);



// Get a fresh blockhash for the transfer with memo enabled

const { value: latestBlockhash2 } = await rpc.getLatestBlockhash().send();



// construct memo instruction

const transferMemoInstruction = getAddMemoInstruction({

  memo: "This transfer requires a memo to accompany it"

});



// create transfer insruction

const transferInstruction = getTransferCheckedInstruction({

  source: associatedTokenAddress,

  mint: mint.address,

  destination: tokenAccount.address,

  authority: authority,

  amount: 1_000_000_000,

  decimals: 9

});



// construct transaction message for transfer

const transferMessage = pipe(

  createTransactionMessage({ version: 0 }),

  (tx) => setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner(authority, tx),

  (tx) => setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash(latestBlockhash2, tx),

  (tx) =>

    appendTransactionMessageInstructions(

      [transferMemoInstruction, transferInstruction],

      tx

    )

);



// Sign transaction message with all required signers

const signedTransferTx =

  await signTransactionMessageWithSigners(transferMessage);



// Send and confirm transaction

await sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions })(

  signedTransferTx,

  { commitment: "confirmed" }

);



// Get transaction signature

const transferTxSig = getSignatureFromTransaction(signedTransferTx);



console.log("\nTransferred tokens with memo ix enabled");

console.log("Transaction Signature:", transferTxSig);
Console
Click to execute the code.

Rust

Rust
use anyhow::Result;

use solana_client::{nonblocking::rpc_client::RpcClient, rpc_config::RpcTransactionConfig};

use solana_commitment_config::CommitmentConfig;

use solana_sdk::{

    program_pack::Pack,

    signature::{Keypair, Signer},

    transaction::Transaction,

};

use solana_system_interface::instruction::create_account;

use solana_transaction_status_client_types::{

    option_serializer::OptionSerializer, UiTransactionEncoding,

};

use spl_associated_token_account_interface::{

    address::get_associated_token_address_with_program_id,

    instruction::create_associated_token_account,

};

use spl_memo_interface::{instruction::build_memo, v3::ID as MEMO_PROGRAM_ID};

use spl_token_2022_interface::{

    extension::{

        memo_transfer::{instruction::enable_required_transfer_memos, MemoTransfer},

        BaseStateWithExtensions, ExtensionType, StateWithExtensions,

    },

    instruction::{initialize_account, initialize_mint, mint_to, transfer_checked},

    state::{Account, Mint},

    ID as TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,

};



#[tokio::main]

async fn main() -> Result<()> {

    // Create connection to local validator

    let client = RpcClient::new_with_commitment(

        String::from("http://localhost:8899"),

        CommitmentConfig::confirmed(),

    );

    let latest_blockhash = client.get_latest_blockhash().await?;



    // Generate a new keypair for the fee payer

    let fee_payer = Keypair::new();



    // Airdrop 5 SOL to fee payer

    let airdrop_signature = client

        .request_airdrop(&fee_payer.pubkey(), 5_000_000_000)

        .await?;



    loop {

        let confirmed = client.confirm_transaction(&airdrop_signature).await?;

        if confirmed {

            break;

        }

    }



    // Generate keypair to use as address of mint

    let mint = Keypair::new();



    // Get default mint account size (in bytes), no extensions enabled

    let mint_space = Mint::LEN;

    let mint_rent = client

        .get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(mint_space)

        .await?;



    // Instruction to create new account for mint (token22)

    let create_mint_account_instruction = create_account(

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),    // payer

        &mint.pubkey(),         // new account (mint)

        mint_rent,              // lamports

        mint_space as u64,      // space

        &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // program id

    );



    // Instruction to initialize mint account data

    let initialize_mint_instruction = initialize_mint(

        &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,    // program id

        &mint.pubkey(),            // mint

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),       // mint authority

        Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()), // freeze authority

        9,                         // decimals

    )?;



    // Calculate the associated token account address for fee_payer

    let associated_token_address = get_associated_token_address_with_program_id(

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),    // owner

        &mint.pubkey(),         // mint

        &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // program_id

    );



    // Instruction to create associated token account

    let create_ata_instruction = create_associated_token_account(

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),    // funding address

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),    // wallet address

        &mint.pubkey(),         // mint address

        &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID, // program id

    );



    // Amount of tokens to mint (100 tokens with 9 decimals)

    let amount = 100_000_000_000;



    // Create mint_to instruction to mint tokens to the associated token account

    let mint_to_instruction = mint_to(

        &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,    // program_id

        &mint.pubkey(),            // mint

        &associated_token_address, // destination

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),       // authority

        &[&fee_payer.pubkey()],    // signer

        amount,                    // amount

    )?;



    // Generate keypair to use as address of token account

    let token_account = Keypair::new();



    // Get default token account size (in bytes), with memo transfer extension enabled

    let token_account_space =

        ExtensionType::try_calculate_account_len::<Account>(&[ExtensionType::MemoTransfer])?;



    let token_account_rent = client

        .get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(token_account_space)

        .await?;



    // Instruction to create new account for token account (token22)

    let create_token_account_instruction = create_account(

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),        // payer

        &token_account.pubkey(),    // new account (token account)

        token_account_rent,         // rent

        token_account_space as u64, // space

        &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,     // program id

    );



    // initialize token account

    let initialize_token_account = initialize_account(

        &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,  // program_id

        &token_account.pubkey(), // token account

        &mint.pubkey(),          //  mint

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),     // authority

    )?;



    // enable memo transfer extension

    let enable_memo_transfer_instruction = enable_required_transfer_memos(

        &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,  // program_id

        &token_account.pubkey(), // token account

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),     //  authority

        &[&fee_payer.pubkey()],  // authority

    )?;



    // Construct transaction with previous instructions

    let transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(

        &[

            create_mint_account_instruction,

            initialize_mint_instruction,

            create_ata_instruction,

            mint_to_instruction,

            create_token_account_instruction,

            initialize_token_account,

            enable_memo_transfer_instruction,

        ],

        Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),

        &[&fee_payer, &mint, &token_account],

        latest_blockhash,

    );



    // Send and confirm transaction

    client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction).await?;



    println!(

        "Token Account with memo transfer enabled: {}",

        token_account.pubkey()

    );

    println!("\nSuccessfully enabled memo transfer extension on token account");



    // Fetch and deserialize the token account with memo transfer extension

    let token_account_data = client.get_account(&token_account.pubkey()).await?;

    let token_account_state = StateWithExtensions::<Account>::unpack(&token_account_data.data)?;



    // Get all extension types enabled on this token account

    let extension_types = token_account_state.get_extension_types()?;

    println!("\nToken Account Extensions enabled: {:?}", extension_types);



    // Deserialize the MemoTransfer extension data

    let memo_transfer = token_account_state.get_extension::<MemoTransfer>()?;

    println!("\n{:#?}", memo_transfer);



    // Create transfer_checked instruction to send tokens from source to destination

    let transfer_instruction = transfer_checked(

        &TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,    // program id

        &associated_token_address, // source

        &mint.pubkey(),            // mint

        &token_account.pubkey(),   // destination

        &fee_payer.pubkey(),       // owner of source

        &[&fee_payer.pubkey()],    // signers

        1_000_000_000,             // amount

        9,                         // decimals

    )?;



    let memo = String::from("This transfer requires a memo to accompany it");

    let memo_instruction = build_memo(&MEMO_PROGRAM_ID, memo.as_bytes(), &[&fee_payer.pubkey()]);



    // Create transaction for approving delegate

    let transaction = Transaction::new_signed_with_payer(

        &[memo_instruction, transfer_instruction],

        Some(&fee_payer.pubkey()),

        &[&fee_payer],

        latest_blockhash,

    );



    // Send and confirm transaction

    let transaction_signature = client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction).await?;



    println!("\nSuccessfully transferred tokens with memo transfer extension enabled");

    println!("Transaction Signature: {}", transaction_signature);



    // Fetch the transfer transaction details

    let transfer_transaction_details = client

        .get_transaction_with_config(

            &transaction_signature,

            RpcTransactionConfig {

                encoding: Some(UiTransactionEncoding::Json),

                commitment: Some(CommitmentConfig::confirmed()),

                max_supported_transaction_version: Some(0),

            },

        )

        .await?;



    // Log transfer transaction logs

    if let Some(meta) = transfer_transaction_details.transaction.meta {

        if let OptionSerializer::Some(log_messages) = meta.log_messages {

            println!("\nTransaction Logs:");

            for log in log_messages {

                println!("  {}", log);

            }

        }

    }



    Ok(())

}
Console
Click to execute the code.

Is this page helpful?

Precedente

Commissioni di trasferimento

Successivo

Proprietario immutabile

Indice

Modifica Pagina

Gestito da

© 2025 Solana Foundation.
Tutti i diritti riservati.
Solana
Rimani Connesso